CANCER
Author: Vincent DeVita, Jr. MD, Theodore Lawrence, MD, PhD, Steven Rosenberg, MD, PhD
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Publication Date: 2011
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Publication Date: 2011
ISBN 10: 1451105452
ISBN 13: 9781451105452
Edition: 9th
ISBN 13: 9781451105452
Edition: 9th
Description:
DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology has been acclaimed by the worldwide medical community as the standard-setting oncology reference. Its primary goal is to present the practicing oncologist with the practical as well as cutting-edge information needed to ensure the best possible care for each individual patient. The hallmark of this book from its inception and a major reason it has gained worldwide acceptance as the definitive source of cancer information has been its approach to the treatment of cancer patients by stage of presentation with a tightly coordinated description of the role of each treatment modality in the care of individual patients. To ensure a balance multidisciplinary approach, a surgeon, a medical oncologist, and a radiation oncologist author each of the major treatment chapters. Each of the major treatment sections is preceded by an updated, brief chapter describing the molecular biology of that cancer and the prospects this new information holds for the improved management of cancer patients. Greater emphasis has been given in recent editions to the increasing importance of molecular biology and cancer screening and prevention, as well as palliative care, supportive oncology and quality of life issues.
Table of Contents
Front Matter
Part One Molecular Biology of Cancer
- Cancer Genes and Their Mutations
- Identification of Cancer Genes
- Cancer Genome Investigation: Tools and Quality Controls
- Somatic Alteration Classes Detected by Cancer Genome Analysis
- Pathway-Oriented Models of Cancer Genome Analysis
- Networks of Cancer Genome Projects
- The Genomic Landscape of Cancers
- The Cancer Genome and the New Taxonomy of Tumors
- Cancer Genomics and Drug Resistance
- Perspectives of Cancer Genome Analysis
- References
- Basic Defenses Against Genomic Instability
- Barriers to Genomic Instability
- Mutations in Cancer
- Mechanisms of Genome Destabilization in Human Tumors
- What Causes Chromosomal Instability and Whole-Chromosome Aneuploidy?
- Does Whole-Chromosome Aneuploidy Cause Cancer?
- Perspectives and Implications for Cancer Therapeutics
- References
- Introduction: Origins of the Concept of Antiangiogenic Therapy for Cancer
- Sequential Steps Involved in the Formation of Blood Vessel Capillaries in Tumors
- Pericytes
- Dysfunctional Nature of the Tumor Vasculature
- Molecular Mediators of Tumor Angiogenesis: Angiogenic Stimulators and their Receptors
- Endogenous Inhibitors of Tumor Angiogenesis
- A Cooperative Regulator of Tumor Angiogenesis: the Notch Receptor-DLL4 Signaling Pathway in Endothelial Cells
- Strategies for Development of Antiangiogenic Drugs
- Enhancement of Chemotherapy Efficacy and Other Therapeutic Modalities by Antiangiogenic Drugs
- Resistance to antiangiogenic drugs or treatments
- Biomarkers for Tumor Angiogenesis and Antiangiogenic Therapy
- Antiangiogenic/Anti-VEGF Drug-Based Clinical Trials
- Looking Ahead: New Targets, New Drugs, and New Strategies for Antiangiogenic Therapy
- References
- The Evolution and Pathogenesis of Metastasis
- An Integrated Model for Metastasis
- Selective Pressures at the Primary Tumor Driving Acquisition of Metastasis Functions
- Coupling Tumorigenesis with Metastasis Initiation
- Coupling Tumorigenesis with Metastasis Progression
- From Metastasis Progression to Macrometastatic Colonization
- Micro-RNAs and Metastasis
- References
- Cancer Predisposition
- Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
- Lynch Syndrome
- Other Polyposis Syndromes
- Association Studies
- Breast Cancer
- Early Detection
- Tumor Classification and Patient Stratification
- Treatment
- Development of Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
- Alternative Mechanisms of Resistance
- BRAF Inhibitors
- The Future
- Changing Face of Personalized Medicine
- Summary
- References
The Cancer Genome
Mechanisms of Genomic Instability
Epigenetics of Cancer
Telomeres, Telomerase, and Cancer
Cell Signaling, Growth Factors And Their Receptors
Cell Cycle
Mechanisms of Cell Death
Cancer Metabolism
Angiogenesis
Invasion and Metastasis
Cancer Stem Cells
Biology of Personalized Cancer Medicine
Part Two Etiology and Epidemiology of Cancer
- The Nature of Chemical Carcinogens: Chemistry and Metabolism
- Animal Model Systems and Chemical Carcinogenesis
- DNA Repair Protects the Host from Chemical Carcinogens
- Genetic Susceptibility to Chemical Carcinogenesis
- Molecular Epidemiology, Chemical Carcinogenesis, and Cancer Risk in Human Populations
- Polyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as a Model for Gene-Environment Interaction
- References
Section 1: Etiology of Cancer
Tobacco
Cancer Susceptibility Syndromes
DNA Viruses
RNA Viruses
Inflammation
Chemical Factors
Physical Factors
Dietary Factors
Obesity and Physical Activity
Section 2: Epidemiology Of Cancer
Part Three Principles of Cancer Treatment
- Biologic Aspects of Radiation Oncology
- Factors that Affect Radiation Response
- Drugs that Affect Radiation Sensitivity
- Radiation Physics
- Treatment Planning
- Other Treatment Modalities
- Clinical Applications of Radiation Therapy
- Treatment Intent
- Fractionation
- Adverse Effects
- Principles of Combining Anticancer Agents with Radiation Therapy
- References
Surgical Oncology: General Issues
Surgical Oncology: Laparoscopic Surgery
Radiation Oncology
Medical Oncology
Assessment of Clinical Response
Cancer Immunotherapy
Health Services Research and Economics of Cancer Care
Part Four Pharmacology of Cancer Therapeutics
- Why Study Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics?
- Cancer Patients Present Unique Challenges
- Pharmacokinetic Concepts
- Pharmacodynamic Concepts
- Special Topics in Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Population Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Oncology Drug Development
- References
- Cellular DNA Repair Pathways
- The Development of Parp Inhibitors
- BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations and Dna Repair
- PARP1 Inhibition as a Synthetic Lethal Therapeutic Strategy for the Treatment of BRCA-Deficient Cancers
- Mechanisms of Resistance to PARP inhibitors
- Initial Clinical Results Testing Synthetic Lethality
- The Use of PARP Inhibitors in Sporadic Cancers with “BRCAness”
- Prospects
- References
Section 1: Chemotherapy Agents
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacogenomics
Alkylating Agents
Platinum Analogs
Antimetabolites
Topoisomerase-Interacting Agents
Antimicrotubule Agents
Targeted Therapy with Small Molecule Kinase Inhibitors
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors and Demethylating Agents
Proteasome Inhibitors
Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors
Miscellaneous Chemotherapeutic Agents
Section 2: Biotherapeutics
Part Five Cancer Prevention
- Patients at High Risk for Breast Cancer
- Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer
- Surgical Prophylaxis of Hereditary Ovarian and Endometrial Cancer
- Hereditary Endometrial Cancer (Lynch Syndrome)
- Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2
- Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, MYH-Associated Polyposis, and Lynch Syndrome
- References
- Why Cancer Prevention as a Clinical Oncology Discipline?
- Defining Cancer Risk Reductive Intervention (Chemoprevention)
- Identifying Potential Cancer Risk Reductive Interventions
- Preclinical Development of Cancer Risk Reductive Interventions
- Clinical Development of Cancer Risk Reductive Interventions
- Implementation of Cancer Risk Reductive Interventions in the Community
- References
- Head and Neck Cancer Chemoprevention
- Lung Cancer Chemoprevention
- Breast Cancer Chemoprevention
- Skin Cancer Chemoprevention
- Bladder Cancer Chemoprevention
- Cervical Cancer Chemoprevention
- Esophageal/Gastric Cancer Chemoprevention
- Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention
- Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention
- Conclusions
- References
Preventive Cancer Vaccines
Tobacco Dependence and Its Treatment
Role of Surgery in Cancer Prevention
Principles of Cancer Risk Reductive Intervention
Retinoids, Carotenoids, and Other Micronutrients in Cancer Prevention
Drugs and Nutritional Extracts for Cancer Risk Reduction (Chemoprevention)
Part Six Cancer Screening
- The Evidence of Mortality Benefit from Randomized Trials of Mammography Screening
- Changes in Systemic Therapies and Impact on Screening
- Optimizing the Organization of Screening
- Optimizing the Interpretation of Mammography
- Addressing the Potential Harms and Limitations of Screening
- High-Risk Screening
- What Has Biology Taught Us?
- Conclusion and Considerations for Screening
- References
- Is Prostate Cancer a Suitable Disease for Screening?
- Is Treatment for Prostate Cancer Effective?
- Is Prostate-Specific Antigen an Effective Screening Test?
- Recent Evidence from Randomized Trials
- Are There Substantial Risks Associated with Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening?
- How Should Physicians Advise Their Patients?
- References
Principles of Cancer Screening
Early Detection Using Proteomics
Screening for Gastrointestinal Cancers
Screening for Gynecologic Cancers
Screening for Breast Cancer
Screening for Prostate Cancer
Screening for Lung Cancer
Genetic Counseling
Part Seven Specialized Techniques in Cancer Management
- Components of Photodynamic Therapy: Photosensitizers, Light, and Oxygen
- Mechanisms of Photodynamic Therapy Cytotoxicity
- Clinical Indications for Photodynamic Therapy for Early Stage Cancers in the Definitive Setting
- Clinical Indications for Photodynamic Therapy in the Locally Advanced and Palliative Settings
- Molecularly Targeted Photodynamic Therapy
- References
Vascular Access and Specialized Techniques
Interventional Radiology
Functional Imaging
Molecular Imaging
Photodynamic Therapy
Biomarkers
Part Eight Practice of Oncology
- Susceptibility to Lung Cancer: Genetic Susceptibility and Carcinogens in Tobacco Smoke
- Molecular Changes in Preneoplasia
- Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Lung Cancers
- Protooncogenes, Growth Factor Signaling, and Growth Factor Targeted Therapies
- Tumor Suppressor Genes and Growth Suppression
- Cyclins and Cell Cycle Regulatory Pathways
- Other Biologic Abnormalities in Lung Cancer
- Cancer Stem Cell Hypothesis
- Genomic Analysis of Lung Cancer
- Molecular Tools in the Lung Cancer Clinic
- References
- Incidence
- ETIOLOGY
- Pathology
- Molecular Markers of Prognosis
- Modes of Metastasis
- Clinical Manifestations
- Staging and Diagnosis
- Methods to Establish Tissue Diagnosis
- Overview of Invasive Lung Cancer Management: Treatment Modalities
- Specifics of Lung Cancer Management
- Superior Sulcus Tumors
- Unresectable or Medically Inoperable
- Locally Advanced
- Advanced Disease
- Investigational Agents in Development for NSCLC
- Personalized Medicine in NSCLC
- Local Therapies and Palliation
- References
- Epidemiology and Etiology
- Anatomic Considerations
- Pathology and Tumor Biology
- Histopathology
- Patterns of Spread
- Clinical Presentation and Pretreatment Evaluation
- Pretreatment Staging
- Staging, Classification, and Prognosis
- Gastric Cancer Nomograms: Predicting Individual Patient Prognosis After Potentially Curative Resection
- Treatment of Localized Disease
- Technical Treatment-Related Issues
- Treatment of Advanced Disease (Stage IV)
- Surgery in Treatment of Metastatic Gastric Cancer
- Radiation for Palliation
- References
- Incidence and Etiology
- Anatomy and Pathology
- Screening
- Diagnosis and Staging
- Staging
- Treatment of Potentially Resectable Disease: American Joint Committee on Cancer Stage I and II
- Treatment of Locally Advanced Disease: American Joint Committee on Cancer Stage III
- Treatment of Metastatic Disease: American Joint Committee on Cancer Stage IV
- Other Exocrine Neoplasms
- References
- GIST as a Unique Clinicopathologic Subset of Sarcoma
- GIST Cells are Related to The Mesenchymal Precursor Cells That Give Rise to Normal Interstitial Cells of Cajal: Aberrant Developmental Biology
- The Development of a Molecular Understanding of GIST
- Clinical Considerations
- Prognostic Features of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
- Diagnostic Imaging of Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
- Treatment Options and Management Decisions in The Era of Molecularly Targeted Therapies for GIST
- Extrapolation of Emerging Management Paradigms to Early-Stage GIST
- Adjuvant Therapy to Improve Outcomes for Patients with Resected Early-Stage GIST
- Special Considerations In GIST
- New Challenges and Alternative Approaches
- References
- The Adenoma–Carcinoma Sequence and Multistep Models of Colorectal Tumorigenesis
- Early Events and Critical Pathways in Colorectal Tumorigenesis Highlighted by Inherited Syndromes of Increased Cancer Risk
- Oncogene and Tumor Suppressor Gene Mutations in Colorectal Cancer Progression
- Infrequent Changes and Current Views of the Mutational Landscape of Colorectal Cancer
- References
- Epidemiology
- Etiology: Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors
- Familial Colorectal Cancer
- Anatomy of the Colon
- Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer
- Screening for Colorectal Cancer
- Staging and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer
- Approaches to Surgical Resection of Colon Cancer
- Surgical Management of Complications from Primary Colon Cancer
- Polyps and Stage I Colon Cancer
- Stage II and Stage III Colon Cancer
- Treatment of Stage II Patients
- Treatment Options for Stage III Patients
- Radiation Therapy of Colon Cancer
- Follow-Up After Management of Colon Cancer with Curative Intent
- Surgical Management of Stage IV Disease
- Management of Unresectable Metastatic Disease
- Gene Therapy
- Molecular Predictive Markers
- Management of Synchronous Primary and Metastatic Disease
- Unusual Colorectal Tumors
- References
- Anatomy
- Staging
- Surgery
- Does Adjuvant Radiation Therapy Impact Survival?
- Preoperative Radiation Therapy
- Which Patients Should Receive Adjuvant Therapy?
- Concurrent Chemotherapy
- Synchronous Rectal Primary and Metastases
- Management of Unresectable Primary and Locally Advanced Disease (T4)
- Radiation Therapy Technique
- References
- Molecular Alterations in Superficial Urothelial Carcinoma
- Carcinoma in Situ
- Molecular Alterations in Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma
- Information from Expression and Genomic Microarray Profiling
- Signaling Pathways in Urothelial Carcinoma
- Urothelial Tumor-Initiating Cells
- Molecular Pathogenesis and Tumor Clonality
- References
- Anatomy of the Prostate
- Prostate Zonal Anatomy
- Histopathology
- Gleason Score
- Incidence, Epidemiology, and Risk Factors
- Incidence and Mortality of Prostate Cancer
- Clinical Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer
- Genetic Alterations and Risk
- Prostate Cancer Prevention
- Disease Presentation and Diagnosis
- Staging Workup
- Prognostic Factors and the Assessment of Risk
- Treating Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer
- External-Beam Radiotherapy
- Androgen Deprivation and Radiation Therapy
- Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for High-Risk Patients After Radical Prostatectomy
- Management of the Rising PSA After Definitive Local Therapy
- Management of Metastatic Prostate Cancer
- Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
- References
- Background: Incidence
- Epidemiology
- Risk Factors
- Initial Presentation and Management
- Histology
- Biology
- Immunohistochemical Markers
- Staging
- Management of Clinical Stage I Disease
- Management of Clinical Stage II (Low Tumor Burden)
- Management of Stage II and Stage III Disease (High Tumor Burden)
- Management of Relapse and Refractory Disease
- Treatment Sequelae
- Long-Term Follow-Up
- Midline Tumors of Uncertain Histogenesis
- Other Testicular Tumors
- References
- Anatomy of the Breast
- Risk Factors for Breast Cancer
- Benign Breast Disease
- Breast Density
- Environmental Factors
- Management of the High-Risk Patient
- Diagnosis and Biopsy
- Lobular Carcinoma In Situ
- Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
- Treatment of the Breast
- Treatment of the Axilla
- Endocrine Therapy
- Staging
- Pathology of Breast Cancer
- Local Management of Invasive Cancer
- Breast-Conserving Therapy
- Mastectomy
- Management of the Axilla
- Local-Regional Therapy and Survival
- Prognostic and Predictive Factors
- Other Factors
- Molecular and Genomic Factors
- Adjuvant Systemic Therapy
- Integration of Multimodality Primary Therapy
- Follow-Up for Breast Cancer Survivors
- Special Therapeutic Problems
- Metastatic Disease
- References
- Thyroid Tumor Classification and Staging Systems
- Epidemiology and Demographics
- Etiology and Risk Factors
- Evaluation of the Thyroid Nodule
- Well-Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
- Treatment of Well and Intermediately Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
- Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
- Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
- Treatment of Familial Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
- Thyroid Lymphoma
- Metastatic Disease of the Thyroid
- Children with Thyroid Carcinoma
- References
- Classification and Types of Bone Tumor
- Radiographic Evaluation and Diagnosis
- Natural History
- Staging Bone Tumors
- Preoperative Radiographic Evaluation
- Biopsy Technique and Timing
- Restaging After Induction (Preoperative) Chemotherapy
- Guidelines for Limb-Sparing Resection
- Types of Skeletal Reconstruction
- Limb-Sparing Surgery and Perioperative Pain Management
- Amputations
- Chemotherapy for Bone Sarcomas
- Radiotherapy for Osteosarcoma
- Malignant Bone Tumors
- References
- Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer
- Actinic Keratoses
- Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Angiosarcoma
- Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans
- Merkel Cell Carcinoma
- Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma
- Sebaceous Carcinoma
- Atypical Fibroxanthoma and Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma
- Atypical Fibroxanthoma
- Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma
- Carcinoma Metastatic to Skin
- Suggested Reading
- The CDKN2A Locus
- The Retinoblastoma Pathway
- The p53 Pathway
- The MAP Kinase Pathway
- The RAS Family: H-, N-, AND K-RAS
- The Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Pathway
- Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
- Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Family
- The MITF Pathway
- The WNT Pathway
- The MC1R Pathway
- The FAK Pathway
- Cancer Stem Cells and Melanoma
- Cancer Genomics and Translation
- Looking Ahead
- References
- Cutaneous Melanoma Biology
- Epidemiology
- Changes in Incidence
- Gender and Age Distribution
- Melanoma in Children, Infants, and Neonates
- Anatomic Distribution
- Etiology and Risk Factors
- Pregnancy and Estrogen Use
- Prevention and Screening
- Diagnosis of Primary Melanoma
- General Considerations in Clinical Management of a Newly Diagnosed Cutaneous Melanoma (Stage I–II)
- Wide Local Excision for Clinical Stage I–II Melanoma: General Considerations
- Clinical Trials to Define Margins of Excision for Primary Cutaneous Melanomas
- Surgical Staging of Regional Nodes
- Management of Clinically Localized Melanoma
- Management of Thin Primary Melanoma (Clinical T1A)
- Management of Clinical T2A, T2B Melanomas
- Management of Clinical T3A Melanomas (Clinical Stage IIA)
- Management of Clinical T3B Melanomas (Clinical Stage IIB)
- Management of Thick Melanomas (T4A, T4B, Greater than 4 MM Thick)
- Special Considerations in Management of Primary Melanomas
- The Role of Radiation Therapy in the Management of Primary Melanoma Lesions
- Clinical Follow-Up for Intermediate-Thickness and Thick Melanomas (Stage IB–IIC)
- Regionally Metastatic Melanoma (Stage III): Lymph Node Metastasis, Satellite Lesions, and In-Transit Metastases
- Management of Regional Metastases in Patients with Visceral or Other Distant Disease
- Adjuvant Systemic Therapy (Stages IIB, IIC, and III)
- Management of Distant Metastases of Melanoma (Stage IV)
- Combination Chemotherapy
- Experimental and Developing Immunologic Therapies for Stage IV Melanoma
- Rationale for Targeted Therapy in Melanoma
- Radiation Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma (Stage IV)
- References
- Epidemiology of Brain Tumors
- Anatomic Location and Clinical Considerations
- Neurodiagnostic Tests
- Surgery
- Radiation Therapy
- Chemotherapy and Targeted Agents
- Specific Central Nervous System Neoplasms
- Gliomatosis Cerebri
- Optic, Chiasmal, and Hypothalamic Gliomas
- Brainstem Gliomas
- Cerebellar Astrocytomas
- Gangliogliomas
- Ependymoma
- Meningiomas
- Primitive Neuroectodermal or Embryonal Central Nervous System Neoplasms
- Pineal Region Tumors and Germ Cell Tumors
- Pituitary Adenomas
- Craniopharyngiomas
- Vestibular Schwannomas
- Glomus Jugulare Tumors
- Hemangioblastomas
- Chordomas and Chondrosarcomas
- Choroid Plexus Tumors
- Spinal Axis Tumors
- References
- Tumor Suppressor Genes
- Retinoblastoma: The Paradigm
- Wilms Tumor: Three Distinct Loci
- Neurofibromatoses
- Neuroblastoma
- Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors
- Rhabdomyosarcoma
- Hereditary Syndromes Associated with Tumors of Childhood
- Malignant Rhabdoid Tumors
- Predictive Testing for Germ Line Mutations and Childhood Cancers
- Molecular Therapeutics
- References
- History of Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Etiology and Epidemiology
- Biology and Cell of Origin
- Immunology of Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Diagnosis and Staging of Hodgkin Lymphomas
- Clinical Presentation of Hodgkin Lymphomas
- Treatment Methods for Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Choice of Treatment
- Treatment for Early Favorable Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Early Unfavorable Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Advanced Stages of Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Progressive and Relapsed Disease
- Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Special Populations
- Treatment-Related Late Side Effects
- Quality of Life
- New Drugs in Hodgkin Lymphoma
- References
- Epidemiology
- Etiology
- Biologic Background for Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms
- B- and T-Cell Differentiation
- Immunophenotyping of Lymphoid Cells
- Chromosomal Translocations and Oncogene Rearrangements
- Use of Immunophenotyping and Genetic Studies in the Diagnosis of Lymphoid Neoplasms
- Principles of the World Health Organization Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms
- Principles of Management of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Specific Disease Entities
- Mature T-Cell and NK Cell Neoplasms
- Special Clinical Situations
- References
- Leukemic Stem Cell
- Elucidation of Genetic Events in Acute Leukemia
- Recurring Chromosomal Abnormalities in Acute Leukemia
- Chromosomal Translocations that Target Core-Binding Factor
- Chromosomal Translocations that Target the Retinoic Acid Receptor Alpha Gene
- Chromosomal Translocations that Target HOX Family Members
- Chromosomal Translocations that Target the MLL Gene
- Chromosomal Translocations that Involve Transcriptional Coactivators and Chromatin Remodeling Proteins
- t(1;22) Translocation Associated with Infant Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia
- Deletions and Numeric Abnormalities in Acute Leukemias
- Chromosomal Translocations that Result in Overexpression of Otherwise Normal Genes
- Chromosomal Translocations Involving the T-Cell Receptor
- Point Mutations in Acute Leukemia
- Mutation in Tumor Suppressor Genes
- Activating Mutations of NOTCH
- Mutations Altering Localization of NPM1
- Loss-of-Function Point Mutations in AML1, C/EBPα, and GATA-1
- Mutation of Lymphoid Development Genes in ALL
- Mutational Complementation Groups in Acute Leukemias
- Conclusion
- References
- Mechanism of Asbestos-Carcinogenesis
- Overview of Molecular Mechanisms in Mesothelioma
- Alterations of Oncogenes in Mesothelioma
- Pathology of Mesothelioma
- Epidemiology and Clinical Presentation
- Diagnostic Approach for Presumed Mesothelioma
- Natural History
- Treatment
- Pleurectomy
- Radiotherapy for Mesothelioma
- Multimodality Treatment
- Novel Intrapleural Approaches: New Techniques with NEW/OLD Agents
- Chemotherapy and Newer Agents
- Novel Treatment Approaches
- Other Agents
- References
- Rationale for a Combined Treatment for Peritoneal Surface Malignancy
- Validated Quantitative Prognostic Indicators
- Appendiceal Malignancy
- Colorectal Carcinomatosis: Curative Treatment and Prevention
- Diffuse Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma
- Gastric Cancer
- Peritoneal Carcinomatosis in Ovarian Cancer
- Sarcomatosis
- References
- Natural History of Liver Metastases
- Imaging of Liver Metastases
- Resection of Liver Metastases
- Results of Hepatic Resection for CRC
- Results of Resection for Noncolorectal Cancers
- Adjuvant Therapy for Resectable CRC Liver Metastases
- Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for CRC Liver Metastases
- Regional Therapies for Unresectable Isolated Liver Metastases
- Radiation Therapy for Liver Metastases
- Conclusions
- References
- Presentation
- Pathophysiology
- Diagnostic Evaluation
- Therapeutic Modalities
- New targeted therapies in the treatment of metastatic bone disease
- External-beam radiation therapy
- Systemic radionuclides
- Radiotherapy for Complications of Bone Metastases: Localized external beam radiotherapy for pathological fractures and spinal cord compression
- Mechanical Stability and Fracture Risk
- References
- Endocrinologic Manifestations of Cancer
- Hematologic Manifestations of Cancer
- Renal Manifestations
- Cutaneous Manifestations of Cancer
- Disorders of Epidermal Proliferation and Keratinization (Papulosquamous Disorders)
- Disorders of Cutaneous Discoloration and Deposition
- Neutrophilic Dermatoses
- Vascular Abnormalities
- Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
- Bullous Disorders
- Collagen-Vascular Diseases
- Disorders of Hair
- Skin Neoplasms Associated with Internal Malignancy
- Miscellaneous Lesions
- Neurologic Manifestations of Cancer
- Limbic Encephalitis
- Autonomic Neuropathy
- Progressive Cerebellar Degeneration
- Paraneoplastic Visual Loss
- Opsoclonus-Myoclonus
- Paraneoplastic Motor Neuron Disorders
- Paraneoplastic Peripheral Neuropathies
- Neuromuscular Junction Disorders
- Paraneoplastic Syndromes with Muscle Rigidity
- Dermatomyositis
- Movement Disorders
- Approach to the Patient with Paraneoplastic Neurologic Disease
- References
- History
- Stem Cell Mobilization
- Inadequate Mobilization of Stem Cells
- Tumor Contamination
- Indication and Timing of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Standard Infection Prophylaxis
- High-Dose Conditioning Regimens
- Complications of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Recent Developments in Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Future Directions
- References
- Conditioning Regimens
- Graft-versus-Leukemia Effect
- Mechanisms of Graft-versus-Leukemia Effect
- Complications of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Veno-Occlusive Disease
- Epstein-Barr Virus Lymphoproliferative Disorder
- Sources of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cells
- Results of Conventional Allogeneic Transplantation for Hematologic Malignancies
- Future Prospects
- References
- Overview of Hematopoiesis and Hematopoietic Growth Factors
- Erythropoietin
- Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
- Interleukin-11
- Thrombopoietin Agents
- Clinical Use of Erythropoietin-Stimulating Agents in Cancer Therapy
- Clinical Use of Recombinant Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factors in Cancer Therapy
- Use of Colony-Stimulating Factors in Other Oncology Settings
- Clinical Use of Thrombopoietin Agents
- References
- Oral Mucositis
- Chemotherapy-Induced Stomatitis
- Radiation-Induced Stomatitis
- Radiation Therapy-Related Complications
- Pathogenesis of Chemotherapy- and Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis
- Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease Oral Manifestations
- Sequelae of Oral Complications
- Strategies for Prevention and Treatment of Oral Complications
- Treatment Strategies
- Radioprotectors
- Biological Response Modifiers
- Treatment for Oral Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease
- Symptom Management
- References
- Effects of Cytotoxic Agents on Adult Men
- Effects of Cytotoxic Agents on Adult Women
- Effects of Cytotoxic Agents on Children
- Gonadal Dysfunction After Cranial Irradiation
- Preservation of Fertility, Hormone Levels, and Sexual Function
- Pharmacologic Attempts at Preserving Fertility in Men
- Pharmacologic Attempts at Preserving Fertility in Women
- Fertility Preservation in Women with Cervical Cancer
- Evaluation of Fertility After Treatment
- Hormone Replacement Therapy
- Prevention and Management of Erectile and Ejaculatory Dysfunction
- Genetic Concerns
- References
- Epidemiology
- Definition of Pain
- Common Pain Syndromes
- Management of Cancer Pain
- Psychological Approaches
- Anesthetic and Neurosurgical Approaches
- Neuropharmacologic Approaches
- Neuroablative and Neurostimulatory Procedures for the Relief of Pain
- Trigger Point Injection and Acupuncture
- Physiatric Approaches
- Algorithm for Cancer Pain Management
- Future Directions
- References
- Community Resources for the Cancer Patient and Family
- The Cancer Patient
- Social and Emotional Support
- Informational Support
- Instrumental Support
- Common Community Resources
- Internet Resources
- Language Resources
- Palliative Care
- Personal Websites that Facilitate Communication
- Survivorship
- Transportation
- Wish Foundations
- References
- The History of Food and Drug Administration Regulation of Drugs and Biologics
- Food and Drug Administration Oversight of Clinical Trials for Drugs and Biologics
- The Basis for Cancer Drug Approval
- Drug Safety Reporting and Evaluation
- Expanded Access to Investigational Drugs
- Regulation of Devices for Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis
- References
Design and Analysis of Clinical Trials
Section 1: Cancer of the Head and Neck
Section 2: Cancer of the Thoracic Cavity
Molecular Biology of Lung Cancer
Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Small Cell and Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Lung
Neoplasms of the Mediastinum
Section 3: Cancers of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Molecular Biology of the Esophagus and Stomach
Cancer of the Esophagus
Cancer of the Stomach
Molecular Biology of Pancreas Cancer
Cancer of the Pancreas
Molecular Biology of Liver Cancer
Cancer of the Liver
Cancer of the Biliary Tree
Cancer of the Small Intestine
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
Molecular Biology of Colorectal Cancer
Cancer of the Colon
Cancer of the Rectum
Cancer of the Anal Region
Section 4: Cancers of the Genitourinary System
Molecular Biology of Kidney Cancer
Cancer of the Kidney
Molecular Biology of Bladder Cancer
Cancer of the Bladder, Ureter, and Renal Pelvis
Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer
Cancer of the Prostate
Cancer of the Urethra and Penis
Cancer of the Testis
Section 5: Gynecologic Cancers
Section 6: Cancer of the Breast
Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer
Malignant Tumors of the Breast
Section 7: Cancer of the Endocrine System
Molecular Biology of Endocrine Tumors
Thyroid Tumors
Parathyroid Tumors
Adrenal Tumors
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Neuroendocrine (Carcinoid) Tumors and the Carcinoid Syndrome
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasias
Section 8: Sarcomas of Soft Tissue and Bone
Molecular Biology of Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Sarcomas of Bone
Section 9: Cancers of the Skin
Cancer of the Skin
Molecular Biology of Cutaneous Melanoma
Cutaneous Melanoma
Section 10: Neoplasms of the Central Nervous System
Molecular Biology of Central Nervous System Tumors
Neoplasms of the Central Nervous System
Section 11: Cancers of Childhood
Molecular Biology of Childhood Cancers
Solid Tumors of Childhood
Leukemias and Lymphomas of Childhood
Section 12: Lymphomas in Adults
Molecular Biology of Lymphomas
Hodgkin Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
Cutaneous Lymphomas
Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
Section 13: Leukemias and Plasma Cell Tumors
Molecular Biology of Acute Leukemias
Management of Acute Leukemias
Molecular Biology of Chronic Leukemias
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemias
Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Plasma Cell Neoplasms
Section 14: Other Cancers
Cancer of Unknown Primary Site
Benign and Malignant Mesothelioma
Peritoneal Surface Malignancy
Intraocular Melanoma
Section 15: Immunosuppression-Related Malignancies
Section 16: Oncologic Emergencies
Section 17: Treatment of Metastatic Cancer
Metastatic Cancer to the Brain
Metastatic Cancer to the Lung
Metastatic Cancer to the Liver
Metastatic Cancer to the Bone
Malignant Effusions of the Pleura and the Pericardium
Malignant Ascites
Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Section 18: Stem Cell Transplantation
Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation
Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Section 19: Management of Adverse Effects of Treatment
Infections in the Cancer Patient
Leukopenia and Thrombocytopenia
Cancer-Associated Thrombosis
Nausea and Vomiting
Diarrhea and Constipation
Oral Complications
Pulmonary Toxicity
Cardiac Toxicity
Hair Loss
Gonadal Dysfunction
Fatigue
Second Primary Cancers
Neurocognitive Effects
Cancer Survivorship
Section 20: Supportive Care and Quality of Life
Management of Cancer Pain
Nutritional Support
Sexual Problems
Psychological Issues in Cancer
Communicating News to the Cancer Patient
Specialized Care of the Terminally Ill
Community Resources
Rehabilitation of the Cancer Patient
Section 21: Societal Issues in Oncology
Regulatory Issues
Health Disparities in Cancer
Cancer Information on the Internet
Section 22: Complementary, Alternative, and Integrative Therapies
Topics within this title:
- Abnormalities
- Acidosis
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
- Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
- Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
- Adenocarcinoma
- Adenomas
- Adrenocortical Cancer
- AIDS
- AIDS-Associated Lymphomas
- Anaplastic Astrocytoma
- Anaplastic Astrocytomas
- Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma
- Anemia
- Aneuploidy
- Angiosarcoma
- Antibody
- Antigen
- Ascites
- Aspergillosis
- Aspiration
- Astrocytoma
- Astrocytomas
- B-Cell Lymphoma
- Bacterial Infections
- Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Bladder Cancer
- Bone Disease
- Brain Tumors
- Breast Cancer
- Cachexia
- Cancer
- Cancer of the Bladder
- Cancer of the Cervix
- Cancer of the Colon
- Cancer of the Esophagus
- Cancer of the Kidney
- Cancer of the Liver
- Cancer of the Pancreas
- Cancer of the Penis
- Cancer of the Prostate
- Cancer of the Rectum
- Cancer of the Skin
- Cancer of the Stomach
- Cancer of the Testis
- Cancer of the Urethra
- Cancers
- Candidiasis
- Carcinoid
- Carcinoid Tumor
- Carcinoid Tumors
- Carcinoma
- Carcinomatosis
- Central Nervous System Neoplasms
- Central Nervous System Tumors
- Cervical Cancer
- Cholangiocarcinoma
- Cholangiocarcinomas
- Chondrosarcoma
- Chondrosarcomas
- Chordomas
- Choroid Plexus Tumors
- Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Chromosomal Instability
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemias
- Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
- Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
- Colitis
- Colon Cancer
- Colorectal Cancer
- Constipation
- Craniopharyngiomas
- CT
- Dermatofibrosarcoma
- Diarrhea
- Disease Progression
- duration
- Dysgerminoma
- Dysphagia
- Emergencies
- Endometrial Carcinoma
- Enteritis
- Enterocolitis
- Ependymoma
- Esophageal Cancer
- Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Fibrous Histiocytoma
- Fistula
- Follicular Lymphoma
- Fractures
- Gangliogliomas
- Gastric Cancer
- Gastrinoma
- Gastrointestinal Cancers
- Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
- Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
- Genomic Instability
- Germ Cell Tumors
- Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasms
- Glioblastoma
- Glioma
- Gliomas
- Glomus Jugulare Tumors
- Graft-Versus-Host Disease
- Head and Neck Cancer
- Heart Disease
- Hemangioblastomas
- Hematologic Malignancies
- Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- Histiocytoma
- HIV
- Hypercalcemia
- Hyperuricemia
- Hyponatremia
- Infectious Diseases
- Inflammation
- Insulinoma
- Kaposi Sarcoma
- Keratoses
- Kidney Cancer
- Lactic Acidosis
- Large Cell Lymphoma
- Larynx Cancer
- Leukemia
- Leukemias
- Leukopenia
- Lung Cancer
- Lymphoblastic Leukemia
- Lymphocytic Leukemia
- Lymphocytic Leukemias
- Lymphocytic Lymphoma
- Lymphoma
- Lymphomas
- Lymphoproliferative Disorders
- Macroglobulinemia
- Magnetic resonance imaging
- Malignant Meningioma
- Malignant Pleural Effusion
- Mantle Cell Lymphoma
- Medulloblastoma
- Melanoma
- Melanomas
- Meningioma
- Meningiomas
- Meningitis
- Merkel Cell Carcinoma
- Mesothelioma
- Metastases
- Metastasis
- Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia
- Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1
- Multiple Myeloma
- Mycosis Fungoides
- Myelodysplasia
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes
- Myelofibrosis
- Myelogenous Leukemia
- Myeloid Leukemia
- Myeloproliferative Disorders
- Nausea
- Neck Cancer
- Neoplasms
- Nervous System Neoplasms
- Nervous System Tumors
- Neuroblastoma
- Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
- Neuroendocrine Tumors
- Neurofibromatosis
- Neurofibromatosis Type 1
- Neurologic Manifestations
- Neurologic Symptoms
- Neutropenia
- Neutropenic Enterocolitis
- Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Oligodendroglioma
- Oral Manifestations
- Osteosarcoma
- Ovarian Cancer
- Pain
- Pancreas Cancer
- Pancreatic Cancer
- Paragangliomas
- Paraneoplastic Syndromes
- Parathyroid Cancer
- Pathological Fractures
- Pericardial Effusion
- Pericardium
- Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma
- Pheochromocytoma
- Pleural Effusion
- Postoperative Complications
- Prostate Cancer
- prostatectomy
- Pulmonary Disease
- Recurrence
- Recurrences
- Relapse
- Retinoblastoma
- Rhabdomyosarcoma
- Salivary Gland Cancers
- Sarcoma
- Sarcomas
- Schwannoma
- Schwannomas
- Sclerosis
- Second Malignancy
- Second Primary Cancers
- Seminoma
- Signs and Symptoms
- Skin Cancer
- Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
- Soft Tissue Sarcoma
- Spinal Cord Compression
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Stomatitis
- Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
- Symptoms and Signs
- Syndrome
- Syndromes
- T-Cell Lymphoma
- Thrombocytopenia
- Thromboembolism
- Thrombosis
- Thymic Carcinoma
- Thymic Neoplasms
- Thyroid Nodule
- Tobacco Dependence
- Toxicities
- Toxicity
- Tracheoesophageal Fistula
- Trophoblastic Neoplasms
- Tumor
- Tumor Lysis Syndrome
- Tumors
- Vestibular Schwannoma
- Vestibular Schwannomas
- Virus
- Vomiting
- World Health Organization