FUNDAMENTALS OF ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY This title has been archived.
Author: Donald Rizzo, Ph.D.
Publisher: Delmar Cengage Learning
Publication Date: 2006
Publisher: Delmar Cengage Learning
Publication Date: 2006
ISBN 10: 1401871887
ISBN 13: 9781401871888
Edition: 2nd
ISBN 13: 9781401871888
Edition: 2nd
Description:
This full-color book is a comprehensive introduction to anatomy & physiology. It is organized according to body systems, and focuses on the body working together to promote homeostasis. Chapters are self-contained so instructors can teach in any order preferred. Essential laboratory exercises included at the end of chapters provide hands-on lab experience. Key terms with phonetic pronunciations help build vocabulary
Table of Contents
Front Matter
The Human Body
The Chemistry of Life
Cell Structure
Cellular Metabolism and Reproduction: Mitosis and Meiosis
- CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
- KEY TERMS
- INTRODUCTION TO CELLULAR METABOLISM
- CELLULAR METABOLISM OR BIOCHEMICAL RESPIRATION
- ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
- PRODUCTION OF ATP FROM GENERAL FOOD COMPOUNDS
- SUMMARY OF ATP PRODUCTION FROM ONE GLUCOSE MOLECULE
- INTRODUCTION TO CELLULAR REPRODUCTION
- THE STRUCTURE OF THE DNA MOLECULE
- THE CELL CYCLE
- MEIOSIS: A REDUCTION DIVISION
- GAMETOGENESIS: THE FORMATION OF THE SEX CELLS
- A COMPARISON OF MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS
- SUMMARY OUTLINE
- REVIEW QUESTIONS
Tissues
The Integumentary System
The Skeletal System
- CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
- KEY TERMS
- INTRODUCTION
- THE FUNCTIONS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
- THE GROWTH AND FORMATION OF BONE
- THE HISTOLOGY OF BONE
- THE CLASSIFICATION OF BONES BASED ON SHAPE
- BONE MARKINGS
- DIVISIONS OF THE SKELETON
- THE AXIAL SKELETON
- THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON
- THE ARCHES OF THE FOOT
- BODY SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS: THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
- SUMMARY OUTLINE
- REVIEW QUESTIONS
The Articular System
The Muscular System
- CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
- KEY TERMS
- INTRODUCTION
- THE TYPES OF MUSCLE
- THE ANATOMY OF SKELETAL OR STRIATED MUSCLE
- THE PHYSIOLOGY OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION
- THE MUSCLE TWITCH
- MUSCLE TONE
- THE ANATOMY OF SMOOTH MUSCLE
- THE ANATOMY OF CARDIAC MUSCLE
- THE NAMING AND ACTIONS OF SKELETAL MUSCLES
- THE FUNCTION AND LOCATION OF SELECTED SKELETAL MUSCLES
- BODY SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS: THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
- SUMMARY OUTLINE
- REVIEW QUESTIONS
The Nervous System Introduction, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
The Nervous System The Brain, Cranial Nerves, Autonomic Nervous System and the Special Senses
- CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
- KEY TERMS
- INTRODUCTION
- THE PRINCIPAL PARTS OF THE BRAIN
- THE ANATOMY AND FUNCTIONS OF THE BRAINSTEM
- THE ANATOMY AND FUNCTIONS OF THE DIENCEPHALON
- THE CEREBRUM: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
- THE CEREBELLUM: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
- THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
- THE 12 CRANIAL NERVES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
- THE SPECIAL SENSES
- BODY SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS: THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
- SUMMARY OUTLINE
- REVIEW QUESTIONS
The Endocrine System
The Blood
The Cardiovascular System
- CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
- KEY TERMS
- INTRODUCTION
- THE ANATOMY OF THE HEART
- BLOOD FLOW THROUGH THE HEART
- THE CONDUCTION SYSTEM OF THE HEART
- A CARDIAC CYCLE
- SOME MAJOR BLOOD CIRCULATORY ROUTES
- ANATOMY OF BLOOD VESSELS
- MAJOR ARTERIES AND VEINS OF THE BODY
- BODY SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS: THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- SUMMARY OUTLINE
- REVIEW QUESTIONS
The Lymphatic System
- CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
- KEY TERMS
- INTRODUCTION
- THE FUNCTIONS OF THE SYSTEM AND THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE LYMPHATIC VESSELS
- LYMPH CIRCULATION
- THE ORGANS OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
- IMMUNITY
- ANTIGENS AND ANTIBODIES
- CELLS OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE AND OTHER DEFENSES
- BODY SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS: THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
- SUMMARY OUTLINE
- REVIEW QUESTIONS
Nutrition and the Digestive System
- CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
- KEY TERMS
- INTRODUCTION
- GENERAL ORGANIZATION
- HISTOLOGY
- THE MOUTH OR ORAL CAVITY
- THE SALIVARY GLANDS
- TEETH
- THE PHARYNX
- THE ESOPHAGUS
- THE STOMACH
- THE PANCREAS
- THE LIVER
- THE SMALL INTESTINE
- THE LARGE INTESTINE
- THE FORMATION OF THE FECES
- BODY SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS: THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
- SUMMARY OUTLINE
- REVIEW QUESTIONS
The Respiratory System
- CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
- KEY TERMS
- INTRODUCTION
- THE ANATOMY AND FUNCTIONS OF THE NOSE
- THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE PHARYNX
- THE LARYNX OR VOICE BOX
- THE TRACHEA OR WINDPIPE
- THE BRONCHI AND THE BRONCHIAL TREE
- THE ANATOMY AND FUNCTION OF THE LUNGS
- THE RESPIRATION PROCESS
- BODY SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS: THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- SUMMARY OUTLINE
- REVIEW QUESTIONS
The Urinary System
- CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
- KEY TERMS
- INTRODUCTION
- FUNCTIONS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM
- THE EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF THE KIDNEYS
- THE INTERNAL ANATOMY OF THE KIDNEYS
- THE ANATOMY OF THE NEPHRONS
- BLOOD AND NERVE SUPPLY TO THE NEPHRONS
- PHYSIOLOGY OF THE NEPHRONS
- THE URETERS: ANATOMY AND FUNCTION
- THE URINARY BLADDER AND THE MICTURITION REFLEX
- THE URETHRA: MALE AND FEMALE POSITIONS
- BODY SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS: THE URINARY SYSTEM
- SUMMARY OUTLINE
- REVIEW QUESTIONS
The Reproductive System
- CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
- KEY TERMS
- INTRODUCTION
- THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
- THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
- THE PERINEUM
- THE ANATOMY AND FUNCTION OF THE MAMMARY GLANDS
- PREGNANCY AND EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT
- BODY SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS: THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
- SUMMARY OUTLINE
- REVIEW QUESTIONS
Appendix
Glossary
Topics within this title:
- A bands
- Abdominopelvic cavity
- Abducens nerve VI
- abduction
- Abductor digiti minimi
- Abductor hallucis
- Abductor pollicis
- ABO Blood Group
- absorption
- Accessory nerve XI
- Acetabulum
- Acetaldehyde
- Acetic acid
- acetylcholine
- acetylcholinesterase
- acid
- Acid rain
- acidosis
- Acini
- Acromial process
- Acrosome
- ACTH
- Actin
- action potential
- Active transport
- Addison’s disease
- adduction
- Adductor pollicis
- Adenine
- adenosine triphosphate
- ADH
- Adipose
- Adipose capsule
- Adrenal cortex
- Adrenal glands/suprarenal glands
- Adrenal medulla
- adrenocorticotropic hormone
- adventitia
- aerobic
- Aetylcholine
- Afferent arteriole
- Afferent lymphatic vessels
- Afferent peripheral system
- agglutination
- Agonists
- Albinism
- Albumin
- aldosterone
- alimentary canal
- All-or-none law
- Alpha cells
- Alpha-ketoglutaric acid
- Alveolar ducts/atria
- Alveolar sacs
- Alveolar-capillary membrane/respiratory membrane
- alveoli
- alveolus
- Amine group
- ammonia
- Amnion
- Amphiarthroses
- Ampullae/lactiferous sinuses
- Amylase
- anabolism
- Anaerobic respiration
- Anal canal
- Anal columns
- Anaphase
- Anaphase I
- Anaphase II
- anastomosis
- anatomy
- Anconeus
- Androgens
- ANS
- Antagonists
- anterior
- Anterior interventricular sulcus
- Anterior or ventral gray horn
- Anterior or ventral root
- Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)/vasopressin
- antigens
- anus
- aorta
- Aortic semilunar valve
- Apical Foramen
- Aponeuroses
- aponeurosis
- aqueous humor
- Arachnoid mater
- Arch of the aorta
- Arcuate arteries
- Arcuate veins
- areola
- Areolar
- Arrector pili muscle
- Arteries
- arterioles
- articulation
- Arytenoid cartilages
- Ascending aorta
- Ascending colon
- Ascending limb of Henle
- Aster
- Astrocytes
- Atlas
- Atomic number
- Atoms
- ATP
- Atrioventricular bundle/bundle of His
- Auditory or eustachian tube
- Auditory ossicles
- Auditory/eustachian tube
- Auricle
- Autolysis
- autonomic nervous system
- Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
- AV
- Axis
- axon
- Axon endings
- Axon terminals
- B cells
- B lymphocytes
- Ball-and-socket joint
- Basal cell carcinoma
- base
- Basement membrane
- basophils
- Beta cells
- Biceps brachii
- Biceps femoris
- Bicuspid/mitral valve
- Bicuspids
- Bile duct
- Blood
- Bonds
- Bone
- bowel
- Bowman’s glomerular capsule
- Brachialis
- Brachioradialis
- Brainstem
- Bronchial tree
- bronchioles
- Bronchomediastinal trunk
- Bronchopulmonary segment
- Brownian movement
- Brunner’s glands/duodenal glands
- Buccal glands
- buccinator
- Buffers
- Bulbourethral/Cowper’s glands
- Bursae
- Calcaneus
- calcitonin
- callus
- calories
- Canaliculi
- cancellous bone
- Cancellous or spongy bone
- Canine teeth
- capillaries
- Capitate
- carbohydrates
- carbon dioxide
- Carboxyl group
- carcinogens
- Carcinomas
- Cardia
- Cardiac muscle
- Cardiovascular system
- Carotene
- Carpals
- cartilage
- catabolism
- Catalysts
- caudal
- cecum
- Cell body
- Cell cycle
- Cell plate
- cellular immunity
- Cellulose
- cementum
- Central nervous system
- centrioles
- Centromere
- Centrosome
- Cephalad
- cerebellum
- Cerebral aqueduct/aqueduct of Sylvius
- Cerebral circulation
- Cerebral cortex
- Cerebral hemispheres
- cerebrum
- cerumen
- Ceruminous glands
- Cervical canal
- Cervical vertebrae
- cervix
- Chiasmata
- Chief cells
- Chloroplasts
- Chondrocyte
- Chordae tendineae
- Chorionic vesicle
- Chorionic villi
- choroid
- Chromatid
- Chromatin
- Chromoplasts
- chyle
- chyme
- cilia
- Ciliary body
- Circumduction
- Circumvallate papillae
- Cisternae
- Citric acid
- clavicle
- Cleavage furrow
- clitoris
- Clones
- Clot
- CNS
- Co enzyme A
- Coccygeal vertebrae/coccyx
- coitus
- collagen
- Collecting duct
- colon
- Columnar epithelium
- Compact bone
- Compact or dense bone
- complement
- compound
- Conduction system
- condyle
- Condyloid joint
- Connective tissue
- Coracoid process
- Corium
- cornea
- Corniculate cartilage
- Corns
- coronal
- Coronary arteries
- Coronary circulation
- Coronary sinus
- Coronary sulcus
- Corpus albicans
- Corpus callosum
- Corpus hemorrhagicum
- corpus luteum
- cortex
- Cortisone
- Costae
- Covalent bond
- cranial
- Cranial cavity
- Cremaster muscle
- Crest
- cretinism
- Cricoid cartilage
- Cristae
- crown
- Crypts of Lieberkuhn
- Cuboid
- Cuboidal epithelium
- Cuneiform cartilage
- Cuneiforms
- Cushing’s syndrome
- Cuspids
- Cuticle
- cyanosis
- Cytochrome system
- Cytokinesis
- cytoplasm
- Cytosine
- Decussation of pyramids
- Defecation
- deglutition
- deltoid
- dendrite
- Dendrites
- Dentes
- dentin
- Deoxyribonucleic acid
- Deoxyribose
- depolarization
- depression
- dermis
- Descending colon
- Descending limb of Henle
- Desmosomes
- detrusor muscle
- diabetes mellitus
- diaphragm
- Diaphysis
- Diarthroses or synovial joints
- diastole
- Diencephalon
- diffusion
- digestion
- Digestive system
- Diploid
- distal
- distal convoluted tubule
- DNA
- Dopamine
- dorsal
- Dorsal tectum
- Dorsiflexion
- Duct of Wirsung/pancreatic duct
- Ductus (vas) deferens
- Ductus deferens
- Ductus epididymis
- duodenum
- dura mater
- Ectoderm
- edema
- Efferent arteriole
- Efferent ducts
- Efferent lymphatic vessels
- Efferent peripheral system
- ejaculatory duct
- Elastic cartilage
- Elastin
- Electrical potential
- Electron acceptors
- Electron carriers
- Electron donors
- Electron transfer/transport system
- electrons
- element
- Elevation
- embolism
- embolus
- enamel
- endocardium
- Endocrine glands
- Endocrine system
- Endoderm
- endometrium
- Endomysium
- endoplasmic reticulum
- endorphins
- Endosteum
- Endothelial-capsular membrane
- endothelium
- Energy
- Energy levels
- Enzymes
- eosinophils
- Ependymal cells
- Epicardium/visceral pericardium
- epidermis
- epiglottis
- Epimysium
- epiphysis
- Epithelial tissue
- Erection
- Erythroblastosis fetalis
- Erythrocytes
- Erythrocytes (RBCs)
- Erythropoietin
- Esophageal hiatus
- esophagus
- estrogen
- ethmoid bone
- Ethyl Alcohol
- Eukaryotic
- Eversion
- Exocrine glands
- exophthalmia
- Extension
- Extensor carpi
- Extensor digitorum
- Extensor hallucis
- Extensor pollicis
- External auditory meatus
- External intercostals
- External oblique
- External occipital crest
- External occipital protuberance
- External os
- external respiration
- External urinary sphincter
- Facial nerve VII
- FAD
- Falciform ligament
- fascia
- Fascicle
- Fasciculi
- fatty acids
- Fauces
- feces
- femur
- Fermentation
- Fetal circulation
- fetus
- fibrillation
- fibrin
- fibrinogen
- fibrinolysis
- fibroblasts
- Fibrocartilage
- Fibrous pericardium
- Fibula
- Fimbriae
- First-degree burns
- Flagella
- Flavin adenine dinucleotide
- flexion
- Flexor carpi
- Flexor digitorum
- Flexor hallucis
- Flexor pollicis
- Fluid mosaic pattern
- Follicle-stimulating hormone
- fontanelle
- Food bolus
- Foramen
- Foramen magnum
- Fornix
- fossae
- fovea centralis
- fracture
- frontal
- Frontal bone
- Frontal lobe
- Frontalis
- fructose
- FSH
- Full-thickness burns
- Fundus
- gallbladder
- Gametogenesis
- Ganglia
- gastrocnemius
- Gastroesophageal sphincter
- Gastrointestinal tract
- gene
- Germinal center
- Germinal epithelium
- GH
- Gingivae
- Gladiolus
- Glandular epithelium
- Glans
- Glans penis
- glenoid fossa
- Glial cells
- Gliding joint
- globin
- globulins
- glomerulus
- Glossopharyngeal nerve IX
- glottis
- Glucagon
- glucose
- gluteus maximus
- Gluteus medius
- Gluteus minimus
- Glycerol
- glycogen
- glycolysis
- glycosuria
- Goblet cells
- goiter
- Golgi body or apparatus
- Gomphosis
- graafian follicle
- Gracilis
- Granum
- Graves’ disease
- Gray matter
- Greater vestibular/Bartholin’s glands
- growth hormone
- Guanine
- Gyri
- H band or zone
- Hair
- Hair follicle
- Hamate
- Haploid
- Hard palate
- Haustrae
- Haversian/central canals
- Head
- Heart
- Helper T cells
- hematopoiesis
- Hematopoietic tissue
- heme
- hemoglobin
- heparin
- Hepatic portal circulation
- hilum
- Hinge joint
- histamine
- Histiocytes
- histology
- homeostasis
- horizontal
- Hormones
- Horns
- humerus
- hyaline cartilage
- Hydrogen bond
- Hydroxyl group
- hymen
- Hyoid bone
- Hyperextension
- hyperglycemia
- Hyperparathyroidism
- hyperthyroidism
- hypertonic solution
- hypodermis
- Hypoglossal nerve XII
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Hypophysis
- hypothalamus
- hypothyroidism
- hypotonic solution
- I bands
- IgA
- IgD
- IgE
- IgG
- IgM
- Ileocecal valve
- ileum
- Iliacus
- ilium
- immunity
- Immunoglobulin A
- Immunoglobulin D
- Immunoglobulin E
- Immunoglobulin G
- Immunoglobulin M
- Incisors
- incus
- infarction
- inferior
- Inferior (posterior) vena cava
- Inferior meatus
- Inferior oblique
- Inferior rectus
- Inferior vena cava
- Infraspinatus
- Infundibulum
- ingestion
- insertion
- Insula
- insulin
- integumentary system
- Intercalated disks
- Intercostal trunk
- Interlobar arteries
- Interlobar veins
- Interlobular arteries
- Interlobular veins
- Internal intercostals
- Internal nares
- Internal oblique
- Internal os
- Internal urinary sphincter
- Interossei
- Interphase
- Interstitial cells of Leydig
- interstitial fluid
- Interventricular foramen/foramen of Monroe
- Interventricular septum
- Intestinal glands
- Intestinal trunk
- Inversion
- Ionic bond
- ions
- iris
- ischium
- Islets of Langerhans/pancreatic islets
- Isometric activity
- Isotonic contraction
- isotonic solution
- Isotopes
- Isthmus
- jejunum
- Jugular trunk
- keratin
- Keratinization
- Kidneys
- Killer T cells
- Kinetochore
- Krebs citric acid cycle
- Kupffer cells
- Kupffer’s cells
- kyphosis
- labia majora
- labia minora
- Labor
- lacrimal bones
- Lactation
- Lacteals
- Lactic acid
- Lactiferous ducts
- Lacunae
- Lamella
- Lamina Propria
- Large intestine/bowel
- laryngopharynx
- larynx
- lateral
- Lateral rectus
- latissimus dorsi
- Left atrium
- Left bundle branch
- Left colic (splenic) flexure
- Left primary bronchus
- Left pulmonary artery
- Left renal artery
- Left renal vein
- Left ventricle
- lens
- Lesser vestibular/Skene’s glands
- Leucoplasts
- Leukocytes
- Leukocytes (WBCs)
- Levator labii superioris
- Levator scapulae
- LH
- Ligaments
- Line
- Lingual frenulum
- Lingual tonsils
- lipids
- Lips
- liver
- Lobules
- longitudinal fissure
- loop of Henle
- lordosis
- Lower esophageal sphincter
- LTH
- Lumbar trunk
- Lumbar vertebrae
- lumen
- Lunate
- Lunula
- Luteinizing hormone
- lymph
- Lymph capillaries
- Lymph nodes/glands
- Lymph sinus
- Lymph trunks
- lymphatic system
- Lymphatics
- Lymphocytes
- Lymphoid tissue
- Lymphokines
- lysosomes
- Lysozyme
- macrophage
- macrophages
- Major calyces
- Malic acid
- Malignant melanoma
- malleus
- Mamillary bodies
- mammary glands
- Mandible bone
- Manubrium
- Masseter
- Mast cells
- mastication
- Mastoid portion
- matrix
- Maxillary bones
- medial
- Medial rectus
- mediastinum
- medulla
- medulla oblongata
- Medullary cavity
- Megakaryocytes
- Meiosis
- melanin
- Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
- melanocytes
- Melatonin
- Membrane or resting potential
- Memory cells
- menarche
- meninges
- menopause
- Menses
- Menstrual cycle
- menstruation
- mesentery
- Mesocolon
- Mesoderm
- Mesothelium
- Messenger RNA
- metabolism
- Metacarpal bones
- Metaphase
- Metaphase I
- Metaphase II
- Metaphysis
- Metastases
- metastasize
- Metatarsals
- Microglia
- Microglial cells
- Micrometers
- Microns
- Microtubules
- Microvilli
- micturition
- Micturition reflex
- Middle meatus
- Midsagittal
- Mineral salts
- Minor calyx
- Mitochondrion
- mitosis
- Molar teeth
- Molecular oxygen
- molecule
- Monocytes
- Monokines
- Mons pubis/veneris
- Motor or efferent neuron
- Motor unit
- MSH
- Mucous cell
- Mucous membrane/epithelium
- Multipolar neurons
- mumps
- Muscle fibers
- Muscle tissue
- Muscle twitch
- Muscular system
- Muscularis mucosa
- Musculi pectinati
- mutation
- myelin sheath
- Myeloid tissue/red bone marrow
- myocardium
- myometrium
- Myosin
- myxedema
- NAD
- Nail bed
- Nail body
- Nasal bones
- Nasal cavities
- Nasal septum
- nasopharynx
- Neck
- Negative feedback system
- Nephrons
- nerve
- Nervous system
- Nervous tissue
- Neuroglia
- neuron
- Neurons
- neutrons
- neutrophils
- Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- Nipple
- Nissl bodies/chromatophilic substance
- Nodes of Ranvier/neurofibral nodes
- Nonpolar
- norepinephrine
- Nostrils/external nares
- Nuclear membrane
- Nucleic acid
- nucleolus
- Nucleoplasm
- Nucleotides
- nucleus
- Obturator foramen
- Occipital bone
- Occipital condyle
- Occipital lobe
- Occipitalis
- Oculomotor nerve III
- Olecranon process
- Olfactory nerve I
- Olfactory sense
- Olfactory stimuli
- Oligodendroglia
- Oocyte
- Oogenesis
- Oogonia
- Ootid
- Opponens pollicis
- Opposition
- Optic chiasma
- Optic disk
- Optic nerve II
- Optic tracts
- Orbicularis oris
- Orbital margin
- Orbitals
- organelles
- origin
- oropharynx
- osmosis
- Ossification
- osteoblasts
- Osteoclasts
- Osteocytes
- Osteomalacia
- Osteon
- Osteoprogenitor cell
- OT
- ova
- Oval window
- Ovarian cycle
- Ovarian follicles
- Ovaries
- ovulation
- Oxaloacetic acid
- Oxyphil cells
- Oxytocin
- Palatine bones
- Palatine tonsils
- pancreas
- Pancreatic islets/islets of Langerhans
- Pancreatic juice
- papillae
- Papillary ducts
- papillary muscles
- Papillary portion
- Parasympathetic division
- Parathyroid glands
- Parathyroid hormone/parathormone
- Parenchyma
- parietal
- Parietal bones
- Parietal cells
- Parietal lobe
- Parietal pleura
- Parotid gland
- Partial pressure
- Partial-thickness burns
- Parturition
- passive immunity
- patella
- pathogens
- pathology
- pectoralis major
- Pectoralis minor
- Pelvic girdle
- penis
- Pepsin
- Pepsinogen
- Peptide bonds
- Pericardial cavity
- Pericardial fluid
- Pericardial sac
- pericardium
- Perimetrium
- Perimysium
- perineum
- periodic table
- periodontal ligament
- periosteum
- Peripheral nervous system
- peristalsis
- peritoneum
- Peritubular capillaries
- Peroneus longus
- Peroneus tertius
- Petrous part
- Peyer’s patches
- PGA
- PGAL
- pH
- Phagocytic
- phagocytosis
- phalanges
- phalanx
- Pharyngeal tonsils/adenoids
- pharynx
- Phosphocreatine
- Phosphoglyceraldehyde
- Phosphoglyceric acid
- phosphorylation
- physiology
- pia mater
- Pineal gland
- Pineal gland/body
- Pisiform
- Pituitary gland
- Pituitary gland/hypophysis
- Pivot joint
- placenta
- Plantar Flexion
- Plantaris
- plaque
- plasma
- Plasma cells
- Plasma membrane
- Plasmalemma
- pleura
- Pleural cavities
- Pleural cavity
- Pleural membrane
- Plicae
- PNS
- Podocytes
- Polar
- Polar bodies
- Polar body
- Polydipsia
- Polyphagia
- polyuria
- Pons varolii
- Popliteus
- posterior
- Posterior interventricular sulcus
- Posterior or dorsal gray horn
- Posterior or dorsal root
- Premolars
- Primary oocytes
- Primary spermatocytes
- Primary structure
- Processes
- progesterone
- Prokaryotic
- Pronation
- Pronator quadratus
- Pronator teres
- Prophase
- Prophase I
- Prophase II
- Prostate gland
- Prostatic urethra
- Protein synthesis
- proteins
- prothrombin
- protons
- protoplasm
- Protraction
- proximal
- proximal convoluted tubule
- Pseudostratified epithelium
- Psoas
- Pterygoid
- PTH
- Pubis
- Pulmonary circulation
- Pulmonary semilunar valve
- Pulmonary trunk
- Pulmonary veins
- Pulp Cavity
- pupil
- Purines
- Purkinje’s fibers/conduction myofibers
- Pyloric sphincter
- Pyrimidines
- Pyruvic acid
- quadriceps femoris
- Quaternary structure
- Quinone
- radius
- Raphe
- RE
- rectum
- Rectus abdominis
- Rectus femoris
- Red bone marrow
- Reflex
- Reflex arc
- Releasing hormones
- Releasing inhibitory hormones
- Renal capsule
- Renal columns
- Renal corpuscle
- Renal fascia
- Renal papillae
- renal pelvis
- Renal plexus
- Renal pyramids
- Renal sinus
- Renal tubule
- Renin
- repolarization
- Reposition
- Reproductive system
- respiration
- Respiratory bronchioles
- Respiratory system
- Resting potential
- Rete testis
- Reticular
- Reticular formation
- Reticular portion
- Reticuloendothelial (RE) system
- retina
- Retraction
- Rh blood group
- Rhodopsin
- Rhomboids
- Ribonucleic acid
- Ribose
- Ribosomes
- Right atrium
- Right bundle branch
- Right colic (hepatic) flexure
- Right colic flexure
- Right lymphatic duct
- Right primary bronchus
- Right pulmonary artery
- Right renal artery
- Right renal vein
- Right ventricle
- RNA
- Root
- root canal
- Rotation
- Rough (granular) ER
- Rough ER
- Round window
- Rugae
- SA
- Sacral vertebrae/sacrum
- Saddle joint
- sagittal
- Sarcolemma
- Sarcomas
- Sarcomere
- Sarcoplasmic reticulum
- Sarcotubular system
- sartorius
- Saturated
- scapula
- Schwann cells/neurolemmocytes
- sclera
- scoliosis
- scrotum
- Sebaceous glands
- sebum
- Second-degree burns
- Secondary oocyte
- Secondary spermatocytes
- Secondary structure
- Secondary/lobar bronchi
- Selectively permeable membrane
- Semen/seminal fluid
- Semimembranosus
- Seminal vesicles
- Seminalplasmin
- Seminiferous tubules
- Semitendinosus
- Sensory or afferent neuron
- Serotonin
- Serous pericardium
- Serratus anterior
- Sertoli cells
- Sesamoid
- shaft
- Sigmoid colon
- Simple epithelium
- Simple exocrine glands
- Sinoatrial (SA) node/pacemaker
- Skeletal muscle
- Skeletal system
- Small intestine
- Smooth (agranular) ER
- Smooth ER
- Smooth muscle
- Soft palate
- Soleus
- solute
- solvent
- somatic nervous system
- Spermatic cord
- Spermatids
- spermatogenesis
- Spermatogonia
- Spermatozoa
- sphenoid bone
- Spinal cavity
- Spinal meninges
- Spindle fibers
- Spine
- spleen
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Squamous epithelium
- Squamous portion
- stapes
- Stem cells/hematocytoblasts
- sternocleidomastoid
- sternum
- Straight tubules
- Strata
- Strata (stratum)
- Stratified epithelium
- Stratum basale
- Stratum Corneum
- Stratum germinativum
- Stratum granulosum
- Stratum lucidum
- Stratum spinosum
- Striated or skeletal muscle
- Subclavian trunk
- Subcutaneous bursae
- Subfascial bursae
- Sublingual gland
- Submandibular/submaxillary gland
- Submucosa
- Subtendinous bursae
- Succinic acid
- Sulci
- superior
- Superior (anterior) vena cava
- Superior meatus
- Superior oblique
- Superior rectus
- Superior vena cava
- Supination
- Supinator
- Suppressor T cells
- Supraorbital ridge
- Supraspinatus
- surfactant
- suture
- Sweat glands
- Sympathetic division
- symphysis
- Synapses
- Synapsis
- Synarthroses
- Synchondrosis
- Syndesmosis
- syneresis
- Synergists
- Synovial membranes
- systemic circulation
- systole
- T lymphocytes/T cells
- T system or tubules
- Talus
- Tarsal bones
- Taste buds
- Taste cells
- Telophase
- Telophase I
- Telophase II
- Temporal bones
- Temporal lobe
- Temporalis
- Tendons
- Tensor fascia lata
- Teres minor
- Terminal bronchioles
- Tertiary structure
- Tertiary/segmental bronchi
- testes
- Testis
- testosterone
- Tetrad
- thalamus
- Third-degree burns
- Thoracic aorta
- Thoracic cavity
- Thoracic duct/left lymphatic duct
- Thoracic vertebrae
- thrombin
- thromboplastin
- thrombosis
- thrombus
- Thylakoid
- Thymine
- Thymosin
- Thymus gland
- Thyroid cartilage/Adam’s apple
- Thyroid gland
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone
- Thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine
- tibia
- tibialis anterior
- Tibialis posterior
- tissue
- Tone
- tongue
- trabeculae
- Trabeculae carneae
- trachea
- Tract
- transcription
- Transfer RNA
- Transitional epithelium
- Translation
- transverse
- Transverse colon
- Transversus abdominis
- Trapezium
- trapezius
- Trapezoid
- Triacylglycerol
- Triceps brachii
- Tricuspid Valve
- Tricuspids
- Trigeminal nerve V
- Trigone
- triiodothyronine
- Triquetral
- Trochanter
- Trochlea
- Trochlear nerve IV
- Tropomyosin
- troponin
- TSH
- Tubercle
- Tubulin
- tumor
- tunica adventitia
- Tunica albuginea
- tunica intima
- tunica media
- Tunica mucosa
- Tunica muscularis
- Tunica serosa
- Tunica submucosa
- Turbinates or nasal conchae bones
- tympanic membrane
- Tympanic plate
- ulna
- umbilical cord
- Unipolar neurons
- Unsaturated
- Ureters
- urethra
- Urethral orifice
- urinary bladder
- Urinary system
- urine
- Uterine cavity
- Uterine/fallopian tubes
- uterus
- uvula
- Vacuoles
- vagina
- Vaginal orifice
- Vagus nerve X
- Vascular/venous sinuses
- vasectomy
- Vastus intermedius
- Vastus lateralis
- Vastus medialis
- veins
- ventral
- Ventral cerebral peduncles
- ventricles
- venules
- vermiform appendix
- Vestibular folds/false vocal cords
- vestibule
- Vestibules
- Vestibulocochlear nerve VIII
- villi
- viscera
- visceral
- Visceral peritoneum
- Visceral pleura
- vitreous humor
- Vocal folds/true vocal cords
- Volkmann’s/perforating canals
- Vomer bone
- Water
- White matter
- Wormian/sutural bones
- Xanthophyll
- Xiphoid process
- Yellow bone marrow
- Z line
- Zygomatic or malar bones
- Zygomaticus
- zygote
- Zygote/fertilized egg
- Zymogenic/chief cells