HURST'S THE HEART This title has been archived.
Author: Valentin Fuster, MD, PhD, FACC, FAHA, Richard Walsh, MD, FACC, FAHA, Robert O’Rourke, MD, MACC, MACP, FAHA, Philip Poole-Wilson, MD, FRCP, FESC, FACC, FMedSci
Publisher: McGraw-Hill
Publication Date: 2008
Publisher: McGraw-Hill
Publication Date: 2008
ISBN 10: 0071478868
ISBN 13: 9780071478861
Edition: 12th
ISBN 13: 9780071478861
Edition: 12th
Description:
An all-inclusive overview of cardiology in a trusted landmark reference Developed by a team of internationally renowned editors and authors, Hurst's The Heart is synonymous with the most comprehensive and current perspectives on treating the full range of heart problems. Inside, you'll get an incisive look at all the global advances in the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease, including the translation of basic science research into clinical applications. And integrated throughout are the latest treatment protocols, ACC/AHA and ESC treatment guidelines, as well as quick-reference tables and algorithms. NEW to this Edition: * Stunning full-color illustrations * Information from the COURAGE trial, covering the use and misuse of drug eluting stents * Vital coverage of advances in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension and new information on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy * Expert-authored chapters on coronary blood flow, stunning, and hibernation; race and ethnicity in cardiovascular disease; and cardiovascular physiology * Up-to-date information on the diagnosis and management of heart failure * Latest guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation * New advances in curative catheter ablation of arrhythmias * Increased number of international contributors * Expanded chapters on epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of hypertension.
Table of Contents
Front Matter
A History of the Heart
- A History of the Heart: Introduction
- William Harvey and the Circulation of the Blood
- The Cardiac Examination
- Technology and the Heart
- Coronary Artery Disease
- Valvular Heart Disease
- Cardiomyopathy
- Congenital Heart Disease
- Aortic Disease
- Blood Pressure Measurement and Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Cardiac Surgery
- References
The Burden of Increasing Worldwide Cardiovascular Disease*
- Introduction
- The World in Transition: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease
- Challenges of the Cardiovascular Disease Epidemic in Developing Countries: Differences from Developed Countries
- Measuring the Burden of Disease: The Global Burden of Disease Project and the Concept of Disability-Adjusted Life-Year
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Coronary Heart Disease
- Stroke
- Congestive Heart Failure
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Hypertension
- Rheumatic Valvular Heart Disease
- Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
- Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease: Global Responses to the Epidemic
- Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in the United States: Challenge of Ethnic Disparities
- Conclusion
- References
- Web Sources
Functional Anatomy of the Heart
Normal Physiology of the Cardiovascular System
Principles of Molecular Cardiology
Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Normal, Hypertrophied, and Failing Heart
- Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Normal, Hypertrophied, and Failing Heart: Introduction
- Cardiac Growth and Physiologic Hypertrophy
- Mechanisms for the Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy
- Protein Content and Isoform Diversity
- Cardiac Function in Pathologic Hypertrophy
- Mechanisms for the Transition from Compensated Hypertrophy to Heart Failure
- References
Biology of the Vessel Wall
Molecular Development of the Heart
- Introduction
- Molecular Development of the Heart
- Mechanisms of Cardiac Septation
- Development of the Heart Valves
- Aortic Arch Development
- Coronary Artery Development
- Conduction System Development
- Cardiovascular Innervation
- Functional Maturation of the Embryonic Heart
- Molecular Mechanisms of Congenital Heart Disease
- References
Genetic Basis for Cardiovascular Disease
- The Human Genome
- Chromosomal Loci, Genes, and Alleles
- The Human Genome Sequence: The Blueprint for Human Life and Its Diversity
- Classification of Genetic Disorders
- Mutations: A Stable Change in the DNA Sequence
- Epigenetics
- Genetic Transmission: Linkage Equilibrium or Disequilibrium
- The International HapMap Project (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Haplotypes)
- Bioinformatics
- Proteomics
- Rare Single-Gene Disorders versus Common Polygenic Disorders
- Evidence of a Genetic Basis for Coronary Artery Disease
- A New Era for Unravelling Common Polygenic Disorders
- References
Tissue Regeneration of the Cardiovascular System and Stem Cells
- Introduction
- Scientific Basis of Cardiac Regenerative Therapy
- Types of Cells Used for Cardiac Regeneration and Repair
- Mechanisms of Action of Stem Cells in Cardiac Regeneration and Repair
- Routes of Administration
- Safety Concerns
- Clinical Trials of Cell-Based Cardiac Therapy
- Unanswered Questions and the Future of Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy
- References
Clinical Practice Guidelines in Cardiovascular Disease
The History, Physical Examination, and Cardiac Auscultation
- The History, Physical Examination, and Cardiac Auscultation: Introduction
- The History
- The Physical Examination
- Measurement of Arterial Blood Pressure
- The Arterial Pulse
- The Venous Pulse
- Examination of the Retina
- Physical Examination of the Chest, Abdomen, and Extremities
- Inspection and Palpation of the Precordium
- Cardiac Auscultation
- Heart Sounds
- Extracardiac Sounds
- Heart Murmurs
- References
The Resting Electrocardiogram
- The Resting Electrocardiogram: Introduction
- Electrocardiographic Leads
- Electrical Axis
- Ventricular Gradient
- Unipolar Leads
- Other Lead Placement Methods
- Ventricular Depolarization and Repolarization
- Ventricular Depolarization: The QRS Complex
- Ventricular Repolarization: The T Wave
- The Normal QT Interval: The Duration of Depolarization and Repolarization
- The Abnormal QT Interval
- ST-Segment Changes Caused by Electrocardiographic Injury: Mechanisms
- Localization of the Affected Sites by Analysis of Leads Showing Abnormal ST-Segment Elevation
- Abnormal Q Waves
- Acute MI
- Pericarditis
- Early Repolarization
- Selective Nonischemic ST-Segment Elevation in the Right Precordial Leads
- Nonspecific ST-Segment–T-Wave Changes
- ST-Segment Depression during Supraventricular Tachycardias
- Fascicular Blocks
- Nonspecific Intraventricular Conduction Delays
- Bundle-Branch Block
- Wide QRS Complexes Caused by Manifest Preexcitation Syndromes
- Wide QRS Complexes Produced by Ventricular Pacing from Different Sites
- LV Hypertrophy
- Processes Producing or Leading to Right Ventricular Hypertrophy and Enlargement
- Electrolyte Imbalances
- Hypothermia
- Artifacts
- Computer Applications
- Spatial Vectorcardiography
- QT Dispersion and Novel Modes of Repolarization Analysis
- References
ECG Exercise Testing
- ECG Exercise Testing: Introduction
- Basic Principles
- Acute Cardiopulmonary Response to Exercise
- Autonomic Control
- Methodology of Exercise Testing
- Hemodynamics
- ECG Interpretation
- Diagnostic Utilization of Exercise Testing
- Prognostic Utilization of Exercise Testing
- Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Heart Failure
- Exercise Testing after Myocardial Infarction
- Screening
- Conclusions
- References
Cardiac Roentgenography
Echocardiography
- Echocardiography: Introduction
- Principles of Echocardiography
- Doppler Echocardiography: Principles and Applications
- Transesophageal Echocardiography
- Contrast Echocardiography
- Diseases of the Aortic Valve and Aorta
- Diseases of the Mitral Valve
- Right-Sided Valvular Disease and Pulmonary Hypertension
- Prosthetic Cardiac Valves
- Infective Endocarditis
- Ischemic Heart Disease
- The Cardiomyopathies
- Congenital Heart Disease
- Cardiac Masses, Thrombi, and Tumors
- Cardiac Tumors
- Imaging of the Coronary Arteries
- Ventricular Dyssynchrony and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
- References
Cardiac Catheterization, Cardiac Angiography, and Coronary Blood Flow and Pressure Measurements
- Cardiac Catheterization
- Cardiac Angiography
- The X-Ray Image
- Hemodynamic Data from the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory
- Special Catheterization Techniques
- Coronary Blood Flow and Pressure Measurements
- Appendix 17–1 Class I Recommendations for Coronary Angiography
- Appendix 17–2 ACC/AHA Recommendations for Coronary Intravascular Ultrasound
- Appendix 17–3 Recommendations for Intracoronary Physiologic Measurements (Doppler Ultrasound, FFR)
- Acknowledgments
- References
Coronary Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging
- Coronary Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging: Introduction
- Rationale for Intravascular Ultrasound
- Imaging Technology
- Coronary Imaging
- Characterization of Atherosclerosis
- Diagnostic Clinical Applications
- Monitoring Progression of Atherosclerosis
- Interventional Clinical Applications
- Future Directions
- Summary
- References
Nuclear Cardiology
- Overview
- SPECT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging
- Basics of Interpretation
- Clinical Applications of SPECT MPI
- Use of SPECT MPI in Specific Patient Populations
- Use for Assessment of Myocardial Viability and Congestive Heart Failure
- Acute Coronary Ischemic Syndromes
- Radionuclide Angiography
- Future of Nuclear Cardiology
- Acknowledgment
- References
Computed Tomography of the Heart
- Computed Tomography of the Heart: Introduction
- Technical Considerations
- Evaluation of Myocardial Function
- Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease
- Computed Tomography Angiography
- Evaluation of Pericardial Disease
- Evaluation of Congenital Heart Disease
- Evaluation of Cardiac Tumors
- Diseases of the Great Vessels
- Summary
- References
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Heart
Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography of the Vascular System
Positron Emission Tomography for the Noninvasive Study and Quantitation of Myocardial Blood Flow and Metabolism in Cardiovascular Disease
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
The Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Heart Failure
- The Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Heart Failure: Introduction
- The Diagnosis of Heart Failure in Epidemiologic Studies
- Investigations Used to Confirm or Refute the Diagnosis of Heart Failure
- Incidence of Heart Failure
- Prevalence of Heart Failure
- Etiology of Heart Failure
- Risk Factors for the Development of Heart Failure
- Prognosis of Heart Failure
- Secular Trends in Heart Failure
- Healthcare Burden of Heart Failure
- Conclusions
- References
Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure
Surgical Treatment of Heart Failure, Cardiac Transplantation, and Mechanical Ventricular Support
Classification of Cardiomyopathies
Dilated Cardiomyopathies
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive, Obliterative, and Infiltrative Cardiomyopathies
Myocarditis and Specific Cardiomyopathies
- Myocarditis and Specific Cardiomyopathies: Introduction
- Myocarditis
- Peripartum Cardiomyopathy
- Neuromuscular Diseases
- Cardiomyopathy Caused by Endocrine Disorders
- Toxins
- Cardiomyopathies Associated with Nutritional Deficiencies
- Cardiomyopathies Associated with Altered Metabolism
- Tako-Tsubo Cardiomyopathy
- Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy
- Idiopathic Cardiomyopathy
- References
Genetics of Channelopathies and Clinical Implications
Anatomy of Electrophysiology
Mechanisms of Cardiac Arrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances
Approach to the Patient with Cardiac Arrhythmias
Atrial Fibrillation, Atrial Flutter, and Atrial Tachycardia
- Atrial Fibrillation, Atrial Flutter, and Atrial Tachycardia: Introduction
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Atrial Flutter
- Focal Atrial Tachycardia
- Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia
- Sinus Node Reentrant Tachycardia
- Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia
- Appendix 37–1 Recommendations for Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
- References
Supraventricular Tachycardia: AV Nodal Reentry and Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
- Supraventricular Tachycardia: AV Nodal Reentry and Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome: Introduction
- Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia
- Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia and Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
- Appendix 38–1. Recommendations for Long-Term Management of Patients with Recurrent AVNRT
- Appendix 38–2. Recommendations for Long-Term Management of Accessory Pathway-Mediated Arrhythmias
- References
Ventricular Arrhythmias
- Ventricular Arrhythmias: Introduction
- Premature Ventricular Complexes
- Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
- Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy
- Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardia
- Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm
- Ventricular Fibrillation
- Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
- References
Bradyarrhythmias and Pacemakers
Long-Term Continuous Electrocardiographic Recording
Techniques of Electrophysiologic Evaluation
- Techniques of Electrophysiologic Evaluation: Introduction
- Techniques of Intracardiac Electrophysiologic Studies
- Invasive Electrophysiologic Studies for Diagnosis
- Invasive Cardiac Electrophysiologic Studies for Therapeutic Intervention
- Catheter Ablation Techniques
- Iatrogenic Problems Encountered during Electrophysiologic Studies
- References
Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias with Catheter-Ablative Techniques
Indications and Techniques of Electrical Defibrillation and Cardioversion
- History of Defibrillation and Cardioversion
- Mechanisms of Defibrillation and Cardioversion
- Should Defibrillation Be Performed Immediately Upon Discovery of VF, or Should It Be Preceded by a Period of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation?
- Who Should Be Cardioverted from Atrial Fibrillation/Atrial Flutter, and When Should This Be Performed?
- Thromboembolism
- Techniques of Cardioversion and Defibrillation
- New Waveforms for Defibrillation and Cardioversion
- Myocardial Damage from Defibrillation and Cardioversion
- Automated External Defibrillators and Public Access Defibrillation
- Home Defibrillators
- Hypothermia
- Conclusion
- References
The Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator
Pediatric Arrhythmias
Diagnosis and Management of Syncope
Sudden Cardiac Death
- Definition of Sudden Cardiac Death
- Epidemiology
- Mechanism of SCD
- Cardiac Diseases Associated with SCD
- Clinical Presentation and Management of the Patient with Cardiac Arrest
- Survival and Prognosis after Cardiac Arrest
- Management of Cardiac Arrest Survivors and Risk Stratification for SCD
- Treatment Options for Patients at Risk for SCD
- References
Cardiopulmonary and Cardiocerebral Resuscitation
- Cardiopulmonary and Cardiocerebral Resuscitation: Introduction
- Background
- 2005 Guidelines Recommendations for CPR
- Shortcomings of Previous Guidelines
- Cardiocerebral Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest
- Hemodynamics of Cardiac Arrest
- Mechanical Devices for Resuscitation
- Drug Therapy
- Postresuscitation Dysfunction
- Postresuscitation Care
- Ending Resuscitative Efforts
- References
Preventive Strategies for Coronary Heart Disease
- Preventive Strategies for Coronary Heart Disease: Introduction
- Risk Assessment Based on Clinical Conditions and Risk Factor Evaluation
- Risk Factors for Which Interventions Have Proved to Lower Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
- Risk Factors for Which Interventions Are Likely to Lower Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
- Risk Factors for Which Interventions Have Not Been Shown to Lower Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
- Alcohol and Coronary Heart Disease
- Unmodifiable Risk Factors
- Additional Emerging Risk Factors
- Other Pharmacologic Therapy
- The Practice of Preventive Cardiology
- References
Atherothrombosis: Role of Inflammation
- Atherothrombosis: Role of Inflammation: Introduction
- Inflammatory Signaling and Sites of Predilection for Atherosclerosis Development
- Endothelial Activation and Inflammation in Initiation and Progression of Atherosclerosis
- Triggers of Inflammation in Atherosclerosis
- Innate Immunity, Toll-Like Receptors and Atherosclerosis
- Inflammation, Angiogenesis, and Atherosclerosis
- Inflammation, Plaque Rupture, and Thrombosis
- Conclusions
- References
Coronary Thrombosis: Local and Systemic Factors
Coronary Blood Flow and Myocardial Ischemia
Nonatherosclerotic Coronary Heart Disease
- Nonatherosclerotic Coronary Heart Disease: Introduction
- Frequency of Nonatherosclerotic Coronary Narrowing Producing Fatal Myocardial Infarction
- Congenital Coronary Artery Anomalies
- Origin of Both Right and Left Coronary Arteries from the Same Sinus of Valsalva
- Single Coronary Artery
- Coronary Artery Atresia
- High-Takeoff Coronary Ostia
- Anomalous Origin of One or Two Coronary Arteries from the Pulmonary Trunk
- Myocardial Bridges (“Tunneled” Epicardial Coronary Artery)
- Coronary Artery Fistula
- Coronary Aneurysms
- Coronary Artery Emboli
- Coronary Artery Dissection
- Coronary Artery Spasm
- Coronary Artery Trauma
- Coronary Artery Arteritis (Vasculitis)
- General Concepts
- Infectious Angiitis
- Tuberculous Arteritis
- Noninfectious Angiitis
- Polyarteritis Group of Necrotizing Angiitis
- Collagen Vascular Disease Vasculitis
- Hypersensitivity Angiitis (Allergic Vasculitis)
- Metabolic Disorders Narrowing Coronary Arteries
- Intimal Proliferation
- External Compression
- Metastatic Implants
- Radiation-Induced Coronary Disease
- Coronary Artery Thrombosis Without Underlying Atherosclerotic Plaque (Thrombosis In Situ)
- Substance Abuse (Cocaine)
- Myocardial Oxygen Demand–Supply Disproportion
- Intramural Coronary Artery Disease (Small-Vessel Disease)
- Normal Epicardial Coronary Arteries
- Syndrome X
- References
Definitions of Acute Coronary Syndromes
Pathology of Myocardial Ischemia, Infarction, Reperfusion, and Sudden Death
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury
- Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury: Introduction
- Pathophysiology of Myocardial Ischemia
- Pathophysiology of Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury
- Mechanisms of Cardiac Myocyte Death
- Pathologic and Clinical Consequences of Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion
- Therapeutic Approaches to Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Clinical Practice
- Conclusion
- References
Unstable Angina and Non–ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
- Unstable Angina and Non–ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Introduction
- Definition and Classification
- Initial Presentation
- Pathophysiology
- Diagnosis
- Risk Stratification
- Prognosis
- Treatment Overview
- Early Conservative versus Invasive Strategies
- Coronary Revascularization
- Posthospital Discharge and Care
- Variant (Prinzmetal) Angina
- References
ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Pharmacologic Therapy for Acute Coronary Syndromes
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
- Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Introduction
- Development of Balloon Angioplasty
- Randomized Trials of Balloon Angioplasty
- Metallic Coronary Stents
- Drug-Eluting Stents: The New Dominant Strategy
- Adjunctive Strategies
- Indications for Coronary Intervention
- Performance of Coronary Intervention
- Results of Coronary Intervention
- Complications
- Postintervention Therapy
- Future Directions
- References
Mechanical Interventions in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease
- Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease: Introduction
- Historical Perspective
- Etiology and Classification
- Diagnosis
- Differential Diagnosis
- Pathophysiology
- Asymptomatic (Silent) Ischemia in Stable CAD
- Risk Stratification of Patients with Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease
- Treatment of Asymptomatic Patients with Known CAD and Chronic Stable Angina
- Treatment of Chronic Stable Angina
- Myocardial Revascularization
- Other Therapies in Patients with Refractory Angina
- Followup of Patients with Chronic Stable Angina
- Management of Special Categories
- Long-Term Manifestations of Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease
- Chest Pain with Normal Coronary Arteries
- References
Coronary Bypass Surgery
- Coronary Bypass Surgery: Introduction
- Grafts in Bypass Surgery
- Evolution of the Bypass Surgery Patient Population
- Current Operative Strategies and Risks
- Hospital Mortality
- Hospital Morbidity
- Reoperation
- Comparative Trials Involving Bypass Surgery
- Indications for Bypass Surgery
- Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization
- References
Management of the Patient after Cardiac Surgery
Rehabilitation of the Patient with Coronary Heart Disease
- Rehabilitation of the Patient with Coronary Heart Disease: Background
- Introduction
- History and Changing Concepts
- Recommendations and Guidelines
- Prevention and Rehabilitation: What’s the Difference?
- Rationale: The Evidence Base
- Broad Principles of Cardiac Rehabilitation
- The Components of Cardiac Rehabilitation
- The Multidisciplinary Components and Roles
- Common Questions: Asked and Unasked
- Practical Implementation
- Conclusions
- Appendix 67–1 A Sample of the Assessment Protocols Used in the Psychological Evaluation of Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients
- Appendix 67–2 Self-Management and Psychosocial Programs
- References
Epidemiology of Hypertension
Pathophysiology of Hypertension
- Pathophysiology of Hypertension: Introduction
- Classification of Hypertension
- Definition of Primary (Essential) Hypertension
- Basic Concepts of Circulatory Control
- Renal Mechanisms of Hypertension
- Salt-Sensitive and Salt-Insensitive Hypertension
- Neurohumoral Mechanisms of Hypertension
- Secondary Causes of Hypertension
- Genetic Causes of Hypertension
- Pathophysiology of Primary (Essential) Hypertension
- References
Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension
Pulmonary Hypertension
Pulmonary Embolism
- Introduction
- Risk Factors and Pathogenesis of Venous Thromboembolism
- Pathophysiology of Acute Pulmonary Embolism
- Diagnosis of Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism
- Diagnostic Strategy
- Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism
- Management
- Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
- Acknowledgments
- References
Chronic Cor Pulmonale
Acute Rheumatic Fever
Aortic Valve Disease
Mitral Valve Regurgitation Including the Mitral Valve Prolapse Syndrome
Mitral Valve Stenosis
Tricuspid Valve, Pulmonary Valve, and Multivalvular Disease
Prosthetic Heart Valves: Choice of Valve and Management of the Patient
Antithrombotic Therapy for Valvular Heart Disease
Cardiovascular Diseases Caused by Genetic Abnormalities
- Essentials of Genetic Disorders
- Overview of Gene Mapping and Mutation Detection
- Genetic Counseling Principles
- Cardiovascular Abnormalities Caused by Chromosomal Defects
- Genetic Basis of Specific Congenital Heart Diseases
- Genetic Diseases of Cardiac Muscle
- Genetic Diseases of Cardiac Rhythm and Conduction
- Genetic Basis of Cardiac Disease in Connective Tissue Disorders
- Genetic Disorders of the Pulmonary Circulation
- Monogenic Lipid Disorders
- Monogenic Forms of Hypertension
- References
Congenital Heart Disease in Children and Adolescents
- Incidence and Etiology
- Fetal Circulation and the Transition to Neonatal and Adult Circulation
- Complications of Congenital Heart Disease
- Intracardiac Communications between the Systemic and Pulmonary Circulations, Usually Without Cyanosis
- Extracardiac Communications between the Systemic and Pulmonary Circulations, Usually Without Cyanosis
- Valvular and Vascular Malformations of the Left Side of the Heart with Right-to-Left, Bidirectional, or No Shunt
- Valvular and Vascular Malformations of the Right Side of the Heart with Right-to-Left, Bidirectional, or No Shunt
- Abnormalities of the Pulmonary Venous Connections
- Malposition of the Cardiac Structures
- Congenital Abnormalities of the Coronary Arterial Circulation
- Acknowledgments
- References
Congenital Heart Disease in Adults
Pericardial Disease
- Anatomy of the Pericardium
- Physiology of the Pericardium
- Pathology of the Pericardium
- Acute Pericarditis
- Recurrent Pericarditis
- Pericardial Effusion
- Cardiac Tamponade
- Constrictive Pericarditis
- Effusive–Constrictive Pericarditis
- Specific Forms of Pericardial Heart Disease
- Congenital Pericardial Heart Disease
- References
Infective Endocarditis
Perioperative Evaluation and Management of Patients with Known or Suspected Cardiovascular Disease Who Undergo Noncardiac Surgery
- Perioperative Evaluation and Management of Patients with Known or Suspected Cardiovascular Disease Who Undergo Noncardiac Surgery: Introduction
- Clinical Determinants of Perioperative Cardiovascular Risk
- Preoperative Testing
- Preoperative Therapy for Coronary Artery Disease
- Management of Specific Conditions
- Summary of Key Elements of ACC/AHA Guidelines
- Conclusions
- References
Anesthesia and the Patient with Cardiovascular Disease
The Connective Tissue Diseases and the Cardiovascular System
The Diagnosis and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Cancer Patients
- The Diagnosis and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Cancer Patients: Introduction
- Factors that Contribute to the Development of Cardiotoxicity
- Pathophysiology of Cardiotoxicities
- Heart Failure and Left Ventricular Dysfunction
- Myocardial Ischemia
- Blood Pressure Fluctuations
- Arrhythmias
- Thromboembolism
- Pericardial Considerations
- The Effects of Radiation Therapy on the Heart
- Preoperative and Postoperative Cardiovascular Considerations in Patients Undergoing Noncardiovascular Surgery
- Cancer Survivorship
- General Manifestations and List of Cardiac Tumors
- Cardiac Myxomas
- Appendix 89–1 Cardiotoxic Effects of Cancer Therapy Drugs
- References
Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease
Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, and Diet
HIV/AIDS and the Cardiovascular System
- HIV/AIDS and the Cardiovascular System: Introduction
- Cardiovascular Assessment of the HIV/AIDS Patient
- HIV/AIDS and the Pericardium
- HIV/AIDS and the Myocardium
- Endocardial Disease in HIV/AIDS
- Cardiac Tumors in HIV/AIDS
- Right Ventricular Dysfunction and Pulmonary Hypertension in HIV/AIDS
- Vascular Diseases and HIV/AIDS
- Disorders of Rhythm Associated with HIV Infection
- Healthcare Workers, Cardiovascular Intervention, and HIV/AIDS
- References
Effect of Noncardiac Drugs, Electricity, Poisons, and Radiation on the Heart
Adverse Cardiovascular Drug Interactions and Complications
- Adverse Cardiovascular Drug Interactions and Complications: Introduction
- Clinical Pharmacology
- Other Contributors to Adverse Drug Reactions
- Heart Failure and Transplantation
- Coronary Artery Disease
- Rhythm Disorders
- Hypertension
- Preventive Cardiology
- Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Drugs with High Interaction Potential
- Conclusion
- References
Effects of Mood and Anxiety Disorders on the Cardiovascular System
Heart Disease and Pregnancy
- Heart Disease and Pregnancy: Introduction
- Heart Disease Issues Unique to Pregnancy
- A Warning
- Cardiovascular Adjustments during a Normal Pregnancy
- Diagnosis of Heart Disease
- Cardiovascular Drugs and Pregnancy
- Management of Cardiovascular Syndromes
- Specific Forms of Heart Disease
- Myocardial Disease
- Ischemic Heart Disease
- Pregnancy Following Cardiac Transplantation
- References
Traumatic Heart Disease
The Heart and Kidney Disease
- Definition of Kidney Disease
- Association between Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease
- Acute Kidney Injury
- Cardiovascular Risk Factors and the Kidney
- Coronary Heart Disease
- Congestive Heart Failure
- Pericardial Disease
- Infective Endocarditis
- Cardiac Arrhythmias
- Renal Failure Following Cardiac Catheterization
- Cardiac Drugs in Renal Failure
- References
Exercise in Health and Cardiovascular Disease
The Athlete and the Cardiovascular System
Aging and Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly
- Aging and Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly: Introduction
- Successful vs. Unsuccessful Cardiovascular Aging
- Age-Associated Changes in Arterial Structure and Function
- Arterial Aging in Cardiovascular Diseases
- Age-Associated Changes in Cardiac Structure and Function in Persons Without a Heart Disease Diagnosis
- Mechanisms of Impaired LV Ejection with Aging in Persons Without Clinical CV Disease
- What to Do Now About “Unsuccessful” Aging of the Heart and Blood Vessels
- Therapeutic Considerations in Older Patients with Clinical Cardiovascular Diseases
- References
Women and Coronary Artery Disease
Cardiovascular Disease and Ethnicity
Air Pollution and Heart Disease
Diseases of the Aorta
- The Normal Aorta
- Definitions and Categories
- Aneurysms
- Epidemiology of Aneurysmal Disease
- Etiology and Pathophysiology
- Clinical Manifestations
- Physical Examination
- Diagnostic Studies
- Differential Diagnosis
- Natural History, Prognosis, and Clinical Decision-Making
- Precipitation of Aortic Dissection
- Treatment of Aneurysm and Dissection
- Atheroslerosis of the Aorta
- Treatment
- Management
- Acute Obstruction of the Terminal Aorta
- Aortitis
- Future Prospects
- References
Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurologic Manifestations of Heart Disease
- Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurologic Manifestations of Heart Disease: Introduction
- Brain and Cerebrovascular Complications of Heart Disease
- Neurologic and Cerebrovascular Complications of Endovascular Cardiac Procedures and Cardiac Surgery
- Cardiac Effects of Brain Lesions
- Coexistent Vascular Diseases Affecting Both Heart and Brain
- References
The Nonsurgical Approach to Carotid Disease
Diagnosis and Management of Diseases of the Peripheral Arteries and Veins
Surgical Treatment of Carotid and Peripheral Vascular Disease
Advances in the Minimally Invasive Treatment of Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Introduction
- Occlusive Disease of Aortic Arch Vessels
- Occlusive Disease of Aorta and Aortoiliac Bifurcation
- Occlusive Disease of Iliac Arteries
- Occlusive Disease of Femoropopliteal Arteries
- Occlusive Disease of Infrapopliteal Arteries
- Endovascular Treatment for Acute Limb Ischemia
- Occlusive Disease of Renal Arteries
- Occlusive Disease of Visceral Arteries
- Aneurysmal Disease of Aortoiliac and Femoropopliteal Vessels
- Summary
- References
Cost-Effective Strategies in Cardiology
- A Societal Perspective
- Background on Economic Analyses
- Determining Costs
- Comparing Costs with Outcome
- Current and Future Trends and Policy Implications
- Cost-Effectiveness in Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy
- Acute Coronary Syndromes
- Revascularization
- Electrophysiology
- Heart Failure
- Diagnosis and Screening
- Conclusions
- References
Insurance Issues in Patients with Heart Disease
- Insurance Medicine and Cardiology
- Medical Underwriting for Life Insurance
- Coronary Heart Disease: Angina Pectoris and Myocardial Infarction
- High Blood Pressure
- Valvular Heart Disease
- Valvular Heart Disease, Exercise Programs, and Health Insurance
- Other Cardiac Diseases or Abnormal Laboratory Findings
- Health Insurance
- Acknowledgment
- References
Behavioral Cardiology Treatment Approaches to Heart Disease
Complementary and Alternative Medical Therapy in Cardiovascular Care
Social and Societal Issues of Heart Disease
Topics within this title:
- Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
- Abnormalities
- AIDS
- Amyloidosis
- Aneurysm
- Aneurysms
- Angina Pectoris
- anomalies
- anomaly
- Aorta
- Aortic Aneurysm
- Aortic Aneurysms
- Aortic Disease
- Aortic Regurgitation
- Aortic Stenosis
- Aortitis
- Arrhythmias
- Arteriovenous Fistula
- Arthritis
- at risk
- Atherosclerosis
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Atrial Flutter
- Atrial Septal Defect
- Atrioventricular Block
- Blood pressure
- Blunt Injury
- Bradyarrhythmias
- Brain Embolism
- Cancer
- Cardiac Arrest
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Cardiac Disease
- Cardiac Tamponade
- Cardiomyopathies
- Cardiomyopathy
- Cardiovascular Disease
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Carotid artery
- Chagas Disease
- Chest Pain
- Computed tomography
- Congenital Abnormalities
- Congestive Heart Failure
- Connective Tissue Diseases
- Constrictive Pericarditis
- Cor Pulmonale
- Coronary Artery Disease
- Coronary Atherosclerosis
- Coronary Heart Disease
- Coronary Thrombosis
- Cyanosis
- Deep Venous Thrombosis
- Dextrocardia
- Diabetes
- Dilated Cardiomyopathies
- Dilated Cardiomyopathy
- Dyslipidemia
- ECG
- Electrocardiography
- Embolism
- Emergency
- Endocarditis
- False Aneurysm
- Fever
- Fibrillation, Atrial
- Fibrosis
- Fistula
- Heart Disease
- Heart Murmurs
- Hemorrhage
- HIV
- HIV Infection
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypertension
- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
- Hypothermia
- Infarction
- Intracerebral Hemorrhage
- Ischemia
- Ischemic Heart Disease
- Kidney Disease
- Left Ventricular Dysfunction
- Levocardia
- Lipodystrophy
- Lupus
- Lymphedema
- Magnetic resonance imaging
- MI
- Mitral Regurgitation
- Mitral Stenosis
- Mitral Valve Prolapse
- Mitral Valve Regurgitation
- Mitral Valve Stenosis
- Murmur
- Myocardial Infarction
- Myocardial Ischemia
- Myocarditis
- Myocardium
- Myxomas
- Neurologic Manifestations
- Obesity
- Oliguria
- Pain
- Pericardial Effusion
- Pericarditis
- Pericardium
- Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Prolapse
- Pulmonary artery
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Pulmonary Hypertension
- Pulse
- Renal Insufficiency
- Reperfusion Injury
- Restrictive Cardiomyopathies
- Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
- Rheumatic Fever
- Rupture
- Sclerosis
- Shock
- Sinus Tachycardia
- Spondylitis
- Stenosis
- Stress
- Stroke
- Sudden Cardiac Death
- Sudden Death
- Supraventricular Tachycardia
- Syncope
- Syndrome
- Syndromes
- Systemic Sclerosis
- Tachyarrhythmias
- Tachycardia
- Thromboembolism
- Thrombosis
- Thrombus
- Torsade de Pointes
- Trauma
- Tumors
- Unstable Angina
- Vascular Disease
- Vascular Diseases
- Vasodilator
- Venous Thrombosis
- Ventricular Dysfunction
- Ventricular Fibrillation
- Ventricular Tachycardia
- Weight Loss
- Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome